Prevalence and spatiotemporal distribution of rotavirus diarrhea among children younger than five years old in Lagos, Nigeria. Issue 2 (4th March 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Eugenia Afocha, Ebelechukwu; Abiodun Iwalokun, Bamidele; Deji-Agboola, Mopelola Anotu; Ayorinde James, Babatunde; Abayomi Banjo, Taiwo; Adu, Festus; Chukwujekwu Ezechi, Oliver; Adegbola, Richard; Lawal Salako, Babatunde
• Is Part Of: Journal of immunoassay & immunochemistry. Volume 44:Issue 2(2023)
• Page Start: 117
• Page End: 132
• Publication Date: 2023-03-04
• Subjects: Rotavirus diarrhea -- spatiotemporal distribution -- younger than five years old children -- Nigeria; Immunoassay -- Periodicals; Immunochemistry -- Periodicals; Immunoassay -- periodicals; Immunochemistry -- periodicals; 571.96405
• DOI: 10.1080/15321819.2022.2159430
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1532-1819

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Data on spatiotemporal distribution of rotavirus diarrhea are limited in many endemic settings. This study determined the prevalence and seasonal distribution of rotavirus among Nigerian children with diarrhea. Here, a total of 406 fecal samples were collected from patients attending six health facilities in Lagos between January – December 2019. Socio-demographic data of each enrolled child were collected. Rotavirus VP6 antigen was detected by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) and confirmation by VP7 gene detection by reverse transcription polymerase-chain reaction. The overall rotavirus diarrhea prevalence was 16.3% by ELISA with children above 2 years having 29.2% of this prevalence and higher occurrence in females (59.1%) than males (40.9%) (P < .05). Rotavirus diarrhea diagnosis using RT-PCR showed 100% concordance with ELISA. Cases of rotavirus diarrhea were detected from March to July and from September to November with the highest number of cases detected in May and June (22.7% each), followed by July (21.2%). The prevalence of rotavirus diarrhea remains high in Lagos with an emerging higher disease activity in children above 2. A different rotavirus transmission dynamics compared to previous studies from Nigeria and other African countries was found. VP6 ELISA may reliably be used for continuous rotavirus surveillance in Nigeria.