Development of animal models for emerging infectious diseases by breaking the barrier of species susceptibility to human pathogens. Issue 1 (31st December 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Rong, Na; Liu, Jiangning
• Is Part Of: Emerging microbes & infections. Volume 12:Issue 1(2023)
• Publication Date: 2023-12-31
• Subjects: Emerging infectious diseases -- animal model -- susceptible animal -- human pathogen -- susceptibility spectrum; Medical microbiology -- Periodicals; Communicable diseases -- Periodicals; Infection -- Periodicals; 616.9041
• DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2023.2178242
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2222-1751

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases pose a serious threat to public health security, human health and economic development. After an outbreak, an animal model for an emerging infectious disease is urgently needed for studying the etiology, host immune mechanisms and pathology of the disease, evaluating the efficiency of vaccines or drugs against infection, and minimizing the time available for animal model development, which is usually hindered by the nonsusceptibility of common laboratory animals to human pathogens. Thus, we summarize the technologies and methods that induce animal susceptibility to human pathogens, which include viral receptor humanization, pathogen-targeted tissue humanization, immunodeficiency induction and screening for naturally susceptible animal species. Furthermore, the advantages and deficiencies of animal models developed using each method were analyzed, and these will guide the selection of susceptible animals and potentially reduce the time needed to develop animal models during epidemics.