Effect of Dietary Fermentable Carbohydrate Supplementation on Amino Acid Homeostasis. (7th June 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Wang, Sijia; Wang, Jing; Qing, Tianyu; Pan, Yajing; Yang, Jieping; Henning, Susanne; Lee, Rupo; Heber, David; Li, Zhaoping
• Is Part Of: Current developments in nutrition. Volume 5(2021)Supplement 2
• Page Start: 379
• Page End: 379
• Publication Date: 2021-06-07
• Subjects: Nutrition -- Periodicals; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Nutrition; Periodicals; Periodicals; Fulltext; Internet Resources; Periodicals; 612.3
• DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzab037_089
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2475-2991

Abstract

Abstract: Objectives: Homeostasis of amino acids (AA) such as branched chain AAs (BCAAs), and aromatic AAs are associated with glucose regulation. Fermentable carbohydrates (FC), such as xylooligosaccharide (XOS), have been shown to improve glucose and lipid metabolism. Therefore, we aim to study the potential of dietary FC to modulate systemic and tissue specific amino acid (AA) homeostasis in normal physiological condition. Two FCs of different molecular size were included in this study, XOS (0.3–1 kDa) and a new sulfated fucose containing polysaccharide (SPS) isolated from seaweed (82 kDa). Methods: Male C57BL6 mice at age 7 week were randomized into three groups and fed AIN93M, AIN93M supplemented with 2% XOS or SPS (w/w) for 8 weeks ( n = 6–8/group). SPS was prepared from Laminaria japonica . At the end of the intervention, fasting serum samples were collected and processed for glucose, insulin, AA analysis. Liver and skeletal muscle samples were frozen and processed for AA analysis. Results: Blood glucose was significantly lower in XOS-fed mice but not SPS-fed mice compared to mice fed the control AIN93M diet. No significant differences in blood insulin, lipids, AA as well as body weight and fat depots were observed among the three experimental groups (XOS, SPS and control). In skeletal muscle, the concentration of total free AA, as well as 9 AAs (Asp, Glu, Arg, Tyr, Met, Phe and BCAAs) was significantly lower and 1 AA (Thr) was higher in SPS mice compared to control mice, while free AA levels in skeletal muscle were not significantly different between XOS and control mice. In liver, levels of total free AA, Arg, Thr and leucine metabolite ketoleucine were significantly lower in XOS mice compared to control mice. No significant change in free AA levels in liver was observed between SPS and control mice. Conclusions: Our data show the differential modulation of systemic and tissue-specific AA and glucose homeostasis by dietary XOS and SPS intake, indicating the key role that AA signaling may play in metabolic homeostasis. Funding Sources: This project was supported by the National Institutes of Health and UCLA Center for Human Nutrition.