The Contribution of Dietary Composition Over 25 Years to Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Childhood and Adulthood: The Princeton Lipid Research Study. (7th June 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Beck, Leah; Woo, Jessica
• Is Part Of: Current developments in nutrition. Volume 5(2021)Supplement 2
• Page Start: 1013
• Page End: 1013
• Publication Date: 2021-06-07
• Subjects: Nutrition -- Periodicals; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Nutrition; Periodicals; Periodicals; Fulltext; Internet Resources; Periodicals; 612.3
• DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzab053_006
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2475-2991

Abstract

Abstract: Objectives: Our goal was to examine the relationship between diet quality, cardiovascular disease risk, and changes in diet quality over time. We hypothesized that diets lacking in nutrients for ideal cardiovascular health would be conserved from childhood to adulthood. This would be reflected as increased rates of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity. Methods: Diet data was analyzed from the Princeton Lipid Research study (24 hour recall in the 70's; Block Food Frequency Questionnaire in 1998). Diet quality at each visit was assessed as a ranking of 15 different macro/micronutrients and by a modified Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) index based on 9 nutrient targets and adapted for children. Outcomes for childhood/adulthood included: glucose intolerance/diabetes, high blood pressure/hypertension (HTN), dyslipidemia/hyperlipidemia (HLD), and obesity. Linear and logistic regression models were performed with adjustment for age, race, sex, body mass index, occupation and education of self or head of household, and marital status. Results: Analysis included 221 total individuals in Generation 1 (parents at initial visit; 39% male, mean age 38.9 ± 6.5 followed up at 66.6 ± 6.6 years) and 606 individuals in Generation 2 (45% male, mean age 11.9 ± 3.23 at initial visit and 38.5 ± 3.6 years at follow up). Generation 1 increased in total DASH score from initial visit to follow-up (1.74 ± 0.95 → 2.11 ± 1.33) while Generation 2 decreased (1.91 ± 0.80 → 1.64 ± 1.13). Overall DASH score was not significantly associated with baseline or follow up outcomes in childhood or adulthood. However, in Generation 2 at follow-up, fiber, potassium, iron, niacin, and vitamin A were associated with HTN; fiber, potassium, and sugar with HLD; cholesterol with obesity; and saturated fat with diabetes in Generation 1. Conclusions: Overall diet quality was poor in both generations and changed little over time. No relationship was detected between DASH diet accordance and disease outcomes, however certain nutrients are associated with and may contribute to higher cardiovascular disease risk. Funding Sources: Supported by the NIH grant for the University of Cincinnati's Medical Student Summer Research Program.