Carbohydrate and Lipid Dietary Quality Indexes: Trends in the Brazilian Population. (7th June 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Cardoso, Luciana; Rêgo, Ana lúcia; Lopes, Taís; Cardoso, Natália; Alves, Iuna; Marques, Mariana; Rodrigues, Camila; Rainho, Fernanda; Blaudt, Luanna; Rodrigues, Geisa; Lopes, Gabrielle; Monteiro, Luana; Yokoo, Edna; Pereira, Rosângela
• Is Part Of: Current developments in nutrition. Volume 5(2021)Supplement 2
• Page Start: 1016
• Page End: 1016
• Publication Date: 2021-06-07
• Subjects: Nutrition -- Periodicals; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Nutrition; Periodicals; Periodicals; Fulltext; Internet Resources; Periodicals; 612.3
• DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzab053_009
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2475-2991

Abstract

Abstract: Objectives: Our aim was to evaluate the qualitative profile of carbohydrate (CHO) and fat intake and the modification in 10-year period according to demographic and socioeconomic variables. Methods: Data from two Brazilian National Dietary Survey with nationally representative sample of individuals ≥10 years old. The dietary Carbohydrate Quality Index (CQI) is a score ranging from 4 to 20 calculated from dietary fiber intake, global glycemic index, solid CHO to total CHO ratio and CHO from wholegrains to CHO from total grains ratio. Lipid Quality Index (LQI) was estimated by dividing the sum of the dietary content of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids by the sum of saturated with trans fatty acids. Both indexes were categorized in quintiles in ascending order for best quality. Information about sex, age (categorized in adolescents, adults and elderly), income (quartiles), urban and rural area and lastly body mass index (categorized in obesity, overweight and normal/underweight) was collected. The estimates were generated separately for each survey and their 95% confidence intervals were compared to identify changes in time. Results: CQI reduced in the Brazilian population, but was not significant. There was a significant reduction in the quintile of greater CHO quality over time for adolescentes (2, 8%), first quartile of income (3, 3%) and people living in rural área (5, 3%). Otherwise the frequency of people that have better dietary quality for CHO increased for the last quartile of income (3, 2%) over time. It was observed an increase for the population and for several categories at the second quintile for CQI, including men, adolescents, people in lowest quartile for income and people living in rural area. >The LQI raised 1, 6% across 10 years in Brazilian population. It also increased between women (3, 2%), adults (2, 1%), last quartile of income (4, 2%), urban area (2, 2%) and obese (4, 1%). Additionally, the frequency of people in the lowest quartile for income that presented the best quality in their diet for fats decreased 3, 7% in 10 years. Conclusions: Strategies to improve the dietary carbohydrate quality should be taken into consideration; particular attention should be given to dietary quality of carbohydrates and lipids of people with lowest income values in the Brazilian population. Funding Sources: Not applicable.