Achieving no evidence of disease activity-3 in highly active multiple sclerosis patients treated with cladribine and monoclonal antibodies. Issue 1 (January 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Alonso, Ricardo; Casas, Magdalena; Lazaro, Luciana; Fernandez Liguori, Nora; Pita, Cecilia; Cohen, Leila; Rojas, Juan Ignacio; Pappolla, Agustín; Patrucco, Liliana; Cristiano, Edgardo; Burgos, Marcos; Vrech, Carlos; Piedrabuena, Raul; Pablo, Lopez; Deri, Norma; Luetic, Geraldine; Miguez, Jimena; Cabrera, Mariela; Martinez, Alejandra; Zanga, Gisela; Tkachuk, Verónica; Tizio, Santiago; Carnero Contentti, Edgar; Knorre, Eduardo; Leguizamon, Felisa; Mainella, Carolina; Nofal, Pedro; Liwacki, Susana; Hryb, Javier; Menichini, Maria; Pestchanker, Claudia; Alonso, Marina; Garcea, Orlando; Silva, Berenice;
• Is Part Of: Multiple sclerosis journal, experimental, translational and clinical. Volume 9:Issue 1(2023)
• Publication Date: 2023-01
• Subjects: Multiple sclerosis -- Disease-modifying therapies -- Treatment response; Multiple sclerosis -- Periodicals; 616.834
• DOI: 10.1177/20552173231154712
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2055-2173

Abstract

Background: We aimed to determine the proportion of highly active multiple sclerosis patients under high-efficacy therapies (HETs) achieve no evidence of disease activity-3 (NEDA-3) at 1 and 2 years, and to identify factors associated with failing to meet no evidence of disease activity 3 at 2 years. Methods: This retrospective cohort study based on Argentina Multiple Sclerosis patient registry (RelevarEM), includes highly active multiple sclerosis patients who received HETs. Results: In total, 254 (78.51%) achieved NEDA-3 at year 1 and 220 (68.12%) achieved NEDA-3 at year 2. Patients who achieved NEDA-3 at 2 years had a shorter duration of multiple sclerosis ( p < 0.01) and a shorter time between first treatment and current treatment ( p = 0.01). Early high-efficacy strategy patients reached NEDA-3 more frequently ( p < 0.01). Being a naïve patient (odds ratio: 3.78, 95% confidence interval 1.50–9.86, p < 0.01) was an independent predictor to reach NEDA-3 at 2 years. No association was found between type of HETs and NEDA-3 at 2 years when adjusted for potential confounders (odds ratio: 1.73; 95% confidence interval 0.51–6.06, p 0.57). Conclusion: We found a high proportion of patients who achieved NEDA-3 at 1 and 2 years. Early high-efficacy strategy patients had a higher probability of achieving NEDA-3 at 2 years.