Individual and Herd-Level Seroprevalence in Association with Potential Risk Factors of Japanese Encephalitis in Pigs Collected from Urban, Periurban, and Rural Areas of Bali, Indonesia. (15th February 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kardena, I. Made; Adi, Anak Agung Ayu Mirah; Astawa, I. Nyoman Mantik; O'Dea, Mark; Robertson, Ian; Sahibzada, Shafi; Bruce, Mieghan
• Other Names: Mancianti Francesca Academic Editor.
• Is Part Of: Veterinary medicine international. Volume 2023(2023)
• Publication Date: 2023-02-15
• Subjects: Veterinary medicine -- Periodicals; Veterinary Medicine; Veterinary medicine; Periodicals; Periodicals; 636.089
• DOI: 10.1155/2023/9682657
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2090-8113

Abstract

Abstract : A study to assess the seroprevalence antibodies against JEV in pigs in Denpasar, Badung, and Karangasem as the representatives of urban, periurban, and rural areas in the province of Bali was conducted. Sampled pigs' blood was collected and their sera were tested for antibody detection using commercial IgG ELISA. A standard questionnaire was used to interview the pig owners or farmers to identify the determinants associated with the seropositivity of the antibodies. Overall, 96.6% (95% CI: 94.5–98.1) of 443 pig sera in individual animal-level seroprevalence were seropositive to the ELISA. Karangasem had the highest test prevalence at 97.3% (95% CI: 93.1–99.2) while Badung had a slightly lower prevalence at 96.6% (95% CI: 92.2–98.9), and Denpasar had the lowest prevalence at 96% (95% CI: 91.5–98.5) (p = 0.84 ). In herd-level seroprevalence, all sampled herds contained one or more seropositive pigs (overall herd-level seroprevalence 100% [95% CI: 97.7–100]). No animal-level factors were significantly associated with seropositivity (all p values >0.05). For the herd-level risk factors relating to pig management and husbandry practices adopted, no analysis model could be generated, as all the sampled herds were seropositive. More than 90% seroprevalence detected in this study indicates high natural JEV infection occurred in pigs, which highlights the high public health risk of the infection in the areas.