Phospholipase D and cancer metastasis: A focus on exosomes. (January 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Wolf, Alexander; Tanguy, Emeline; Wang, Qili; Gasman, Stéphane; Vitale, Nicolas
• Is Part Of: Advances in biological regulation. Volume 87(2023)
• Publication Date: 2023-01
• Subjects: Extracellular vesicles -- Metastasis -- Multivesicular bodies -- Phosphatidic acid -- Phospholipase D -- Tumor; ALIX Apoptosis-linked gene 2-interacting protein X -- Arf6 Adenosine diphosphate-ribosylation factor 6 -- ESCRT Endosomal sorting complex required for transport -- FIPI Fluoro-2-indolyl des-chlorohalopemide -- MAP1LC3 Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 -- MVB Multivesicular bodies -- PA Phosphatidic acid -- PEA-15 15-kDa phosphoprotein enriched in astrocytes -- PLD Phospholipase D -- SNARE Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor -- VEGF Vascular endothelial growth factor; Cellular control mechanisms -- Periodicals; Biological control systems -- Periodicals; Molecular biology -- Periodicals; Periodicals; 571.74
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2022.100924
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2212-4926

Abstract

Abstract: In mammals, phospholipase D (PLD) enzymes involve 6 isoforms, of which only three have established lipase activity to produce the signaling lipid phosphatidic acid (PA). This phospholipase activity has been postulated to contribute to cancer progression for over three decades now, but the exact mechanisms involved have yet to be uncovered. Indeed, using various models, an altered PLD activity has been proposed altogether to increase cell survival rate, promote angiogenesis, boost rapamycin resistance, and favor metastasis. Although for some part, the molecular pathways by which this increase in PA is pro-oncogenic are partially known, the pleiotropic functions of PA make it quite difficult to distinguish which among these simple signaling pathways is responsible for each of these PLD facets. In this review, we will describe an additional potential contribution of PA generated by PLD1 and PLD2 in the biogenesis, secretion, and uptake of exosomes. Those extracellular vesicles are now viewed as membrane vehicles that carry informative molecules able to modify the fate of receiving cells at distance from the original tumor to favor homing of metastasis. The perspectives for a better understanding of these complex role of PLDs will be discussed.