Ultra-efficient adsorption of diclofenac sodium on fish-scale biochar functionalized with H3PO4 via synergistic mechanisms. (1st April 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Xie, Jia; Liu, Minghua; He, Miao; Liu, Yifan; Li, Jian; Yu, Fangxia; Lv, Yuancai; Lin, Chunxiang; Ye, Xiaoxia
• Is Part Of: Environmental pollution. Volume 322(2023)
• Publication Date: 2023-04-01
• Subjects: Phosphoric acid -- Biochar -- Diclofenac sodium -- Fish scale -- Adsorption; Pollution -- Periodicals; Pollution -- Environmental aspects -- Periodicals; Environmental Pollution -- Periodicals; Pollution -- Périodiques; Pollution -- Aspect de l'environnement -- Périodiques; Pollution -- Effets physiologiques -- Périodiques; Pollution; Pollution -- Environmental aspects; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 363.73
• DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121226
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0269-7491

Abstract

Abstract: Developing safe and efficient diclofenac sodium (DS) removal technology has become a critical issue. This study synthesized the fish-scale biochar by co-pyrolysis of fish scale and phosphoric acid (H3 PO4 ). In addition to increasing the specific surface area and pore volume of fish-scale biochar, H3 PO4 assisted in the formation of Graphitic N and sp 2 C, as well as reacting with C═O groups to form a significant number of phosphorus-containing groups. All these functional groups could act as major active sites for DS adsorption. Adsorption data could well fit pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models. The maximum adsorption capacity of FSB600-15 for DS was 967.1 mg g −1, which was much better than that reported in the literature. Under the synergistic effect of various mechanisms (pore-filling effect, electrostatic attraction, H-bonding, π-π, and n-π electron donor-acceptor interactions), the DS ultra-efficient adsorption on FSB600-15 was realized. Meanwhile, the DS adsorption by FSB600-15 was an endothermic, spontaneous, and entropy-increasing process. Furthermore, the DS adsorption capacity was more than 426.5 mg g −1 in the actual water, which was sufficient for practical applications. Graphical abstract: Image 1 Highlights: High-performance biochar was synthesized by co-pyrolysis of fish scale and H3 PO4 . The maximum adsorption capacity of FSB600-15 was 967.1 mg g −1 for diclofenac sodium. Graphitic N, sp 2 C, C═O, and P-containing groups were major adsorption sites. Diclofenac sodium adsorption was connected with multiple adsorption mechanisms.