Xenosterolemia in clinical practice: what is in a name?. Issue 2 (29th April 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Loh, Wann Jia; Watts, Gerald F.
• Is Part Of: Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes and obesity. Volume 30:Issue 2(2023)
• Page Start: 123
• Page End: 127
• Publication Date: 2023-04-29
• Subjects: cholesterol absorption -- familial hypercholesterolemia -- phytosterolemia -- sitosterol -- sitosterolemia -- xenosterolemia; Endocrinology -- Periodicals; Diabetes -- Periodicals; Obesity -- Periodicals; Diabetes Mellitus -- Periodicals; Endocrine System Diseases -- Periodicals; Endocrine Glands -- Periodicals; Obesity -- Periodicals; Endocrinologie -- Périodiques; Diabète -- Périodiques; Obésité -- Périodiques; Diabetes; Endocrinology; Obesity; Periodicals; 616.4
• DOI: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000795
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1752-296X

Abstract

Abstract : Purpose of review: The aim of this study was to assess the potential value of the measurement of plasma xenosterols (or phytosterols) concentrations in clinical practice. Recent findings: Recent genetic studies suggest that individuals with elevated plasma phytosterol concentrations due to monogenic and polygenic variants are at an increased risk of coronary artery disease. This supports early observations that elevated plasma phytosterol concentrations are per se atherogenic. Summary: Measurement of plasma phytosterols can identify individuals with xenosterolemia (or phytosterolemia). This may be clinically useful in four ways: Establishing a diagnosis and informing management of patients with homozygous phytosterolemia; Providing a comprehensive differential diagnosis for familial hypercholesterolemia; Providing an index of cholesterol absorption that may inform personalized pharmacotherapy; and Informing more precise assessment of risk of cardiovascular disease.