Computed tomography assessment of hypodontia and crown size in hemifacial microsomia. (March 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ranjitkar, Sarbin; Wong, Calvin; Edwards, Suzanne; Anderson, Peter J.
• Is Part Of: Archives of oral biology. Volume 147(2023)
• Publication Date: 2023-03
• Subjects: 3D three-dimensional -- ALARA as low as reasonably achievable -- CT Computed tomography -- DICOM Digital Imaging Communications in Medicine -- HFM hemifacial microsomia -- LMM linear mixed-effects (regression) model -- MDCT multi-detector CT -- MRI magnetic resonance imaging -- NCC neural crest cell -- SAT skeletal, auricle and soft tissue -- STL stereolithography -- TEM technical error of the mean; Craniofacial abnormalities -- X-Ray computed tomography -- Three-dimensional -- Imaging -- Odontometry; Mouth -- Periodicals; Mouth -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Dentistry -- Periodicals; Electronic journals; 617.6005
• DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105633
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0003-9969

Abstract

Abstract: Objective: Our aims were to assess the prevalence of hypodontia in unilateral hemifacial microsomia (HFM), and to compare tooth (crown) size between affected and unaffected sides. Design: In a retrospective cross-sectional study of South Australians, computed tomography (CT) scans were used to assess hypodontia and crown size (mesiodistal length, buccolingual width and crown height). The inclusion criteria were the absence of other congenital anomalies and the availability of CT scans. The exclusion criteria were the lack of extraction history or reproducible landmarks for morphometric assessment. The final sample comprised 41 participants in both dentitions, including 32 children and 9 adults (median age 13.9 years, range 0.4 – 47.6 years; 19 males and 22 females). Hypodontia was assessed in all participants, and the permanent crown size in 30 (73.2%) participants. Linear mixed-effects models were performed to determine if crown size was significantly different between the two sides, controlling for sex, HFM severity, and tooth and jaw type. Results: Hypodontia occurred in none of the participants in the primary dentition, but in 6/30 (20%) participants in the permanent dentition (3/30 each on the affected and unaffected sides). There was no significant difference in the mean crown dimensions between the two sides, but the crown size was larger in males ( p < 0.05), except for mesiodistal length, and became progressively smaller with increased HFM severity ( p < 0.05). Conclusions: Hypodontia spared the primary dentition but featured prominently in the permanent dentition. The permanent crown dimensions were unaltered between the two sides. Highlights: Hemifacial microsomia (HFM) is an asymmetrical craniofacial anomaly. Hypodontia is more common in the permanent than the primary dentition. Oligodontia (≥ 6 missing teeth) is rare even in severe HFM. Permanent crown size is similar between affected and unaffected sides. Knowledge of dental anomalies is relevant for clinical management of HFM.