Consolidation of temperature-dependent toxicity and thermoregulatory behavior into risk assessments of insecticides under thermal scenarios: A prospective study on Eremias argus. (February 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Wang, Zikang; Nie, Yufan; Yu, Simin; Chen, Li; Zhang, Luyao; Zhu, Wentao; Zhou, Zhiqiang; Diao, Jinling
• Is Part Of: Environment international. Volume 172(2023)
• Publication Date: 2023-02
• Subjects: Eremias argus -- Thermoregulatory behavior -- Insecticide -- Temperature-dependent chemical toxicity -- Risk assessment; 3-MT 3-methoxytyramine -- 5-HIAA 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid -- 5-HT 5-hydroxytryptamine -- αKG α-ketoglutaric acid -- AAA aromatic amino acid -- ACh acetylcholine -- AChE acetylcholinesterase -- Ala alanine -- Asp aspartate -- AVM avermectin -- BC beta-cyfluthrin -- BCAA branched-chain amino acid -- CbE carboxylesterases -- Ch choline -- Cit citric acid -- CNS central nervous system -- CPF chlorpyrifos -- CPF-oxon chlorpyrifos-oxon -- DA dopamine -- DOPAC 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid -- E epinephrine -- GABA γ-aminobutyric acid -- GCC global climate change -- Glc glucose -- Gln glutamine -- Glu glutamate -- Gly glycine -- GST glutathione S-transferase -- HVA homovanillic acid -- Ile isoleucine -- Lac lactate -- Leu leucine -- MDA malondialdehyde -- MFO mixed function oxidases -- MHPG 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy phenylglycol -- MOA mode of action -- NAA N-acetylaspartate -- NE norepinephrine -- OAA oxaloacetic acid -- OSI oxidative stress index -- Phe phenylalanine -- PTDT/NTDT positive/negative-coefficient temperature toxicant -- Pyr pyruvic acid -- RQ risk quotient -- Succ succinate -- Tacc accumulated temperature -- TAS total antioxidant status -- Tau taurine -- Tb body temperature -- TCA cycle tricarboxylic acid cycle -- TDCT temperature-dependent chemical toxicity -- TOS total oxidant status -- Tpref preferred temperature -- TR thermoregulatory -- Trp tryptophan -- Tyr tyrosine -- UDPGT uridine 5′-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase -- Val valine -- VMA vanillylmandelic acid; Environmental protection -- Periodicals; Environmental health -- Periodicals; Environmental monitoring -- Periodicals; Environmental Monitoring -- Periodicals; Environnement -- Protection -- Périodiques; Hygiène du milieu -- Périodiques; Environnement -- Surveillance -- Périodiques; Environmental health; Environmental monitoring; Environmental protection; Periodicals; 333.705
• DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107742
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0160-4120

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: With rising temperature, the toxicity of beta-cyfluthrin decreased. With rising temperature, the toxicity of chlorpyrifos increased. Sub-lethal doses of insecticides induced adaptive thermoregulatory behavior. Six different metabolites contributed to changes in thermotaxis. Risk managements of insecticides must consider these effects in ectotherms. Abstract: In this study, the temperature-dependent chemical toxicity of three insecticides and the resulting thermoregulatory (TR) behavior of the lizard Eremias argus have been consolidated into the current risk assessment framework. According to acute dermal toxicity assays, an increase of ambient temperature from 15 °C to 35 °C decreased the acute dermal toxicity of beta-cyfluthrin (BC) but increased the toxicity of chlorpyrifos (CPF). The toxicity of avermectin (AVM) did not show significant temperature-dependent responses. Based on thermal preference trials, lizards changed their body temperature via TR behavior to adaptively reduce toxicity under sub-lethal doses, which can be understood as a "self-rescue" behavior attenuating lethal effects. However, the risk quotient indicated that the effectiveness of this "self-rescue" behavior is limited. Metabolomics analysis showed that six different metabolites (i.e., creatine, glutamate, succinate, N -acetylaspartate, acetylcholine, and lactate) contributed to TR behavior changes. Biochemical assays and insecticide residue results demonstrated that the temperature-dependent toxicity of BC, CPF, and AVM affected lizards in the three aspects of biotransformation, oxidative stress, and neurometabolic interference. This work clarifies the ecotoxicological impacts of representative insecticides on reptiles from toxicological understanding to risk relevance. This knowledge may improve ecological predictions of agrochemical applications in the context of global climate change.