Dual-energy CT imaging of atherosclerotic plaque using novel ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide in hyperlipidemic rabbits. (April 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Sato, Hideyuki; Fujimoto, Shinichiro; Kawaguchi, Yuko O; Nozaki, Yui O; Tomizawa, Nobuo; Kogure, Yosuke; Minamino, Tohru
• Is Part Of: Acta radiologica. Volume 64:Number 4(2023)
• Page Start: 1718
• Page End: 1724
• Publication Date: 2023-04
• Subjects: Dual-energy computed tomography -- ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide -- atherosclerotic plaque imaging -- macrophage -- iron-based map; Radiology, Medical -- Periodicals; Radiography, Medical -- Periodicals; Radiotherapy -- Periodicals; 616.0757
• DOI: 10.1177/02841851221131904
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0284-1851

Abstract

Abstract: Background: A study using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed that ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide is phagocytosed by macrophages. However, MRI has limitations in obtaining clear images due to its poor spatial and temporal resolutions. Purpose: To examine whether the use of dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) facilitated the visualization of carboxymethyl-diethylaminoethyl dextran magnetite ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide (CMEADM-U) accumulation in arteriosclerotic lesions using hyperlipidemic rabbits. Material and Methods: CMEADM-U at 0.5 mmol Fe/kg was administered to Watanabe hereditary atherosclerotic (WHHL) rabbits (n = 6, 24 sections) and New Zealand white (NZW) rabbits (n = 2, 6 sections). After 72 h, DECT was performed to prepare virtual monochromatic images (35 keV, 70 keV) and an iron-based map. Subsequently, the aorta was collected along with hematoxylin and eosin staining, Berlin blue (BB) staining, and RAM11 immunostaining. Results: In the WHHL rabbits, CMEADM-U accumulation was not observed at 70 keV. However, CMEADM-U accumulation consistent with an arteriosclerotic lesion was observed at 35 keV and the iron-based map. On the other hand, in the NZW rabbits, there was no accumulation of CMEADM-U in any images. Further, there were significant differences in the iron-based map value at the site of accumulation among the grades of expression on BB staining and RAM11 immunostaining. In addition, there was a good correlation at 35 kev and iron-based map value (r = 0.42; P < 0.05). Conclusion: DECT imaging for CMEADM-U facilitated the assessment of macrophage accumulation in atherosclerotic lesions in an in vivo study using a rabbit model of induced aortic atherosclerosis.