Role of iNOS in osteoarthritis: Pathological and therapeutic aspects. Issue 10 (4th February 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ahmad, Nashrah; Ansari, Mohammad Y.; Haqqi, Tariq M.
• Is Part Of: Journal of cellular physiology. Volume 235:Issue 10(2020:Oct.)
• Page Start: 6366
• Page End: 6376
• Publication Date: 2020-02-04
• Subjects: chondrocytes -- inflammation -- iNOS -- iNOS inhibitor -- nitric oxide -- osteoarthritis -- oxidative stress; Physiology -- Periodicals; Cell physiology -- Periodicals; 571.6
• DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29607
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0021-9541

Abstract

Abstract: Accumulating evidence suggests that inflammation has a key role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). Nitric oxide (NO) has been established as one of the major inflammatory mediators in OA and drives many pathological changes during the development and progression of OA. Excessive production of NO in chondrocytes promotes cartilage destruction and cellular injury. The synthesis of NO in chondrocytes is catalyzed by inducible NO synthase (iNOS), which is thereby an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of OA. A number of direct and indirect iNOS inhibitors, bioactive compounds, and plant‐derived small molecules have been shown to exhibit chondroprotective effects by suppressing the expression of iNOS. Many of these iNOS inhibitors hold promise for the development of new, disease‐modifying therapies for OA; however, attempts to demonstrate their success in clinical trials are not yet successful. Many plant extracts and plant‐derived small molecules have also shown promise in animal models of OA, though further studies are needed in human clinical trials to confirm their therapeutic potential. In this review, we discuss the role of iNOS in OA pathology and the effects of various iNOS inhibitors in OA. Abstract : Accumulating evidence suggests that nitric oxide (NO) is one of the major inflammatory mediators in osteoarthritis (OA) and drives many pathological changes during the development and progression of OA. Synthesis of NO in chondrocytes is catalyzed by inducible NO synthase (iNOS), which is thereby an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of OA. This review article aims to summarize the role of iNOS in OA pathology and the effects and therapeutic potential of various iNOS inhibitors in OA.