DNA methylation across the tree of life, from micro to macro-organism. Issue 1 (1st January 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Nasrullah, ; Hussain, Abrar; Ahmed, Sagheer; Rasool, Mahmood; Shah, Abdul Jabbar
• Is Part Of: Bioengineered. Volume 13:Issue 1(2022)
• Page Start: 1666
• Page End: 1685
• Publication Date: 2022-01-01
• Subjects: DNA methylation -- methyltransferases -- epigenetics -- CpG; Biomedical engineering -- Periodicals; Biotechnology -- Periodicals; Microbiology -- Periodicals; 660.6
• DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2014387
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2165-5987

Abstract

ABSTRACT: DNA methylation is a process in which methyl (CH3) groups are added to the DNA molecule. The DNA segment does not change in the sequence, but DNA methylation could alter the action of DNA. Different enzymes like DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) take part in methylation of cytosine/adenine nucleosides in DNA. In prokaryotes, DNA methylation is performed to prevent the attack of phage and also plays a role in the chromosome replication and repair. In fungi, DNA methylation is studied to see the transcriptional changes, as in insects, the DNA methylation is not that well-known, it plays a different role like other organisms. In mammals, the DNA methylation is related to different types of cancers and plays the most important role in the placental development and abnormal DNA methylation connected with diseases like cancer, autoimmune diseases, and rheumatoid arthritis. Graphical abstract: uf0001