Effect of sex chromosome number variation on attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms, executive function, and processing speed. (24th August 2021)
- Record Type:
- Journal Article
- Title:
- Effect of sex chromosome number variation on attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms, executive function, and processing speed. (24th August 2021)
- Main Title:
- Effect of sex chromosome number variation on attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms, executive function, and processing speed
- Authors:
- Green, Tamar
Flash, Shira
Shankar, Geeta
Bade Shrestha, Sharon
Jo, Booil
Klabunde, Megan
Hong, David S
Reiss, Allan L - Abstract:
- Abstract : Aim: To study sex differences in attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, we explored whether X chromosome absence or excess is independently associated with deficits in attention and hyperactivity, executive function, and processing speed. Method: We assessed 116 children (ages 3y 10mo–11y 11mo, mean 8y 5mo, SD 1y 11mo) with a variable number of sex chromosomes: 36 females with Turner syndrome (45, X0), 20 males with Klinefelter syndrome (47, XXY), 37 typically developing females (XX), and 23 typically developing males (XY). Results: X chromosome absence was associated with increased attention problems, hyperactivity, and deficits in inhibitory control, compared with female children with XX (all p <0.003). Conversely, X chromosome excess was associated with weakness in working memory ( p =0.018) and approached significance for attention problems ( p =0.071) but not with hyperactivity, or weakness in inhibitory control relative to male children with XY. Using non‐parametric effect size to quantify the clinical effect revealed that X chromosome absence affected attention, hyperactivity, executive function, and processing speed (all r >0.4), while X excess affected in‐laboratory as well as parent‐reported working memory (all r >0.4). Interpretation: Our observations provide compelling evidence that the absence or excess of an X chromosome distinctly affects cognition and behaviors associated with ADHD. Abstract : Video PodcastAbstract : Aim: To study sex differences in attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, we explored whether X chromosome absence or excess is independently associated with deficits in attention and hyperactivity, executive function, and processing speed. Method: We assessed 116 children (ages 3y 10mo–11y 11mo, mean 8y 5mo, SD 1y 11mo) with a variable number of sex chromosomes: 36 females with Turner syndrome (45, X0), 20 males with Klinefelter syndrome (47, XXY), 37 typically developing females (XX), and 23 typically developing males (XY). Results: X chromosome absence was associated with increased attention problems, hyperactivity, and deficits in inhibitory control, compared with female children with XX (all p <0.003). Conversely, X chromosome excess was associated with weakness in working memory ( p =0.018) and approached significance for attention problems ( p =0.071) but not with hyperactivity, or weakness in inhibitory control relative to male children with XY. Using non‐parametric effect size to quantify the clinical effect revealed that X chromosome absence affected attention, hyperactivity, executive function, and processing speed (all r >0.4), while X excess affected in‐laboratory as well as parent‐reported working memory (all r >0.4). Interpretation: Our observations provide compelling evidence that the absence or excess of an X chromosome distinctly affects cognition and behaviors associated with ADHD. Abstract : Video Podcast https://youtu.be/eFzWpLv_OHk … (more)
- Is Part Of:
- Developmental medicine & child neurology. Volume 64:Number 3(2022)
- Journal:
- Developmental medicine & child neurology
- Issue:
- Volume 64:Number 3(2022)
- Issue Display:
- Volume 64, Issue 3 (2022)
- Year:
- 2022
- Volume:
- 64
- Issue:
- 3
- Issue Sort Value:
- 2022-0064-0003-0000
- Page Start:
- 331
- Page End:
- 339
- Publication Date:
- 2021-08-24
- Subjects:
- Child development -- Periodicals
Pediatric neurology -- Periodicals
616.8 - Journal URLs:
- http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1469-8749 ↗
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/ ↗ - DOI:
- 10.1111/dmcn.15020 ↗
- Languages:
- English
- ISSNs:
- 0012-1622
- Deposit Type:
- Legaldeposit
- View Content:
- Available online (eLD content is only available in our Reading Rooms) ↗
- Physical Locations:
- British Library DSC - 3579.055000
British Library DSC - BLDSS-3PM
British Library STI - ELD Digital store - Ingest File:
- 25849.xml