Seasonal Human Coronavirus Respiratory Tract Infection in Recipients of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. (29th August 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Piñana, Jose Luis; Xhaard, Aliénor; Tridello, Gloria; Passweg, Jakob; Kozijn, Anne; Polverelli, Nicola; Heras, Inmaculada; Perez, Ariadna; Sanz, Jaime; Berghuis, Dagmar; Vázquez, Lourdes; Suárez-Lledó, María; Itäla-Remes, Maija; Ozcelik, Tulay; Iturrate Basarán, Isabel; Karakukcu, Musa; Al Zahrani, Mohsen; Choi, Goda; Cuesta Casas, Marián Angeles; Batlle Massana, Montserrat; Viviana, Amato; Blijlevens, Nicole; Ganser, Arnold; Kuskonmaz, Baris; Labussière-Wallet, Hélène; Shaw, Peter J; Yegin, Zeynep Arzu; González-Vicent, Marta; Rocha, Vanderson; Ferster, Alina; Knelange, Nina; Navarro, David; Mikulska, Malgorzata; de la Camara, Rafael; Styczynski, Jan;
• Is Part Of: Journal of infectious diseases. Volume 223:Number 9(2021)
• Page Start: 1564
• Page End: 1575
• Publication Date: 2020-08-29
• Subjects: seasonal human coronavirus -- HCoV-NL63 -- HCoV-229E -- HCoV-OC43 -- HCoV-HKU1 -- community-acquired respiratory virus -- allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation -- immunocompromised -- upper and lower respiratory tract disease -- immunodeficiency score index -- multiplex PCR assay; Communicable diseases -- Periodicals; Diseases -- Causes and theories of causation -- Periodicals; Medicine -- Periodicals; Communicable Diseases -- Periodicals; Electronic journals; 616.9
• DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa553
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0022-1899

Abstract

Abstract: Background: Little is known about characteristics of seasonal human coronaviruses (HCoVs) (NL63, 229E, OC43, and HKU1) after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Methods: This was a collaborative Spanish and European bone marrow transplantation retrospective multicenter study, which included allo-HSCT recipients (adults and children) with upper respiratory tract disease (URTD) and/or lower respiratory tract disease (LRTD) caused by seasonal HCoV diagnosed through multiplex polymerase chain reaction assays from January 2012 to January 2019. Results: We included 402 allo-HSCT recipients who developed 449 HCoV URTD/LRTD episodes. Median age of recipients was 46 years (range, 0.3–73.8 years). HCoV episodes were diagnosed at a median of 222 days after transplantation. The most common HCoV subtype was OC43 (n = 170 [38%]). LRTD involvement occurred in 121 episodes (27%). HCoV infection frequently required hospitalization (18%), oxygen administration (13%), and intensive care unit (ICU) admission (3%). Three-month overall mortality after HCoV detection was 7% in the whole cohort and 16% in those with LRTD. We identified 3 conditions associated with higher mortality in recipients with LRTD: absolute lymphocyte count <0.1 × 10 9 /mL, corticosteroid use, and ICU admission (hazard ratios: 10.8, 4.68, and 8.22, respectively; P < .01). Conclusions: Seasonal HCoV after allo-HSCT may involve LRTD in many instances, leading to a significant morbidity. Abstract : Seasonal human coronavirus infection in allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients was associated with considerable morbidity, in particular in those who had radiological signs of pulmonary involvement. Three-month mortality was 7% in the whole cohort and 16% in those with pulmonary involvement.