The International Hip Dysplasia Institute (IHDI) classification is more informative than the Tönnis classification. (March 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Sand, Adam; Tiderius, Carl Johan; Düppe, Henrik; Wenger, Daniel
• Is Part Of: Acta radiologica. Volume 64:Number 3(2023)
• Page Start: 1103
• Page End: 1108
• Publication Date: 2023-03
• Subjects: International Hip Dysplasia Institute -- Tönnis -- classification -- developmental dysplasia of the hip -- neonatal instability of the hip -- hip dislocation, DDH, IHDI; Radiology, Medical -- Periodicals; Radiography, Medical -- Periodicals; Radiotherapy -- Periodicals; 616.0757
• DOI: 10.1177/02841851221110447
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0284-1851

Abstract

Background: A new, supposedly more reproducible radiographic classification, set to replace the Tönnis classification of hip dislocations, was proposed in 2015: the International Hip Dysplasia Institute (IHDI) classification. Purpose: To compare the IHDI classification with the Tönnis classification when evaluating the severity of hip dislocations as well as their respective inter- and intra-observer reliability. Material and Methods: Since January 2000, Swedish-born children with a hip dislocation were prospectively registered. From this registry, radiographs of 97 hips in 79 patients (91% girls; median age = 7 months), born in 2000–2009, were analyzed. Two observers, one consultant and one resident, classified each hip both by IHDI and Tönnis twice. Results: The IHDI classification had a more even distribution of grades with the majority in grade 2–3. The Tönnis classification graded the majority (77%) of the patients as grade 2 and equally among the other grades. There was moderate inter-observer agreement using both methods calculated with Kappa, 0.61 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.44–0.79) for Tönnis and 0.62 (95% CI = 0.49–0.74) for IHDI. The resident calculated Tönnis with weak intra-observer reliability of 0.57 (95% CI = 0.40–0.74) compared to high intra-observer reliability of 0.86 (95% CI = 0.74–0.98) for the consultant. Both observers graded IHDI with high intra-observer reliability. Conclusion: IHDI is more discriminative than the Tönnis classification when evaluating the severity of a hip dislocation in infants.