Predictive Classification System for Low Back Pain Based on Unsupervised Clustering. Issue 3 (April 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Jin, Lixia; Jiang, Chang; Gu, Lishu; Jiang, Mengying; Shi, Yuanlu; Qu, Qixun; Shen, Na; Shi, Weibin; Cao, Yuanwu; Chen, Zixian; Jiang, Chun; Feng, Zhenzhou; Shen, Linghao; Jiang, Xiaoxing
• Is Part Of: Global spine journal. Volume 13:Issue 3(2023)
• Page Start: 630
• Page End: 635
• Publication Date: 2023-04
• Subjects: low back pain -- lumbar degeneration -- MRI -- machine learning -- unsupervised clustering; Spine -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Spine -- Diseases -- Treatment -- Periodicals; Spine -- Abnormalities -- Periodicals; Spine -- Surgery -- Periodicals; 616.73
• DOI: 10.1177/21925682211001813
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2192-5682

Abstract

Study Design: Retrospective study. Objective: Lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings are believed to be associated with low back pain (LBP). This study sought to develop a new predictive classification system for low back pain. Method: Normal subjects with repeated lumbar MRI scans were retrospectively enrolled. A new classification system, based on the radiological features on MRI, was developed using an unsupervised clustering method. Results: One hundred and fifty-nine subjects were included. Three distinguishable clusters were identified with unsupervised clustering that were significantly correlated with LBP ( P = .017). The incidence of LBP was highest in cluster 3 (57.14%), nearly twice the incidence in cluster 1 (30.11%). There were obvious differences in the sagittal parameters among the 3 clusters. Cluster 3 had the smallest intervertebral height. Based on follow-up findings, 27% of subjects changed clusters. More subjects changed from cluster 1 to clusters 2 or 3 (14.5%) than changed from cluster 2 or cluster 3 to cluster 1 (5%). Participation in sport was more frequent in subjects who changed from cluster 3 to cluster 1. Conclusion: Using an unsupervised clustering method, we developed a new classification system comprising 3 clusters, which were significantly correlated with LBP. The prediction of LBP is independent of age and better than that based on individual sagittal parameters derived from MRI. A change in cluster during follow-up may partially predict lumbar degeneration. This study provides a new system for the prediction of LBP that should be useful for its diagnosis and treatment.