Prevalence and predictors of uncontrolled hypertension, diabetes, and obesity among adults with HIV in northern Tanzania. Issue 12 (2nd December 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Hertz, Julian T.; Prattipati, Sainikitha; Kweka, Godfrey L.; Mlangi, Jerome J.; Tarimo, Tumsifu G.; Mmbaga, Blandina T.; Thielman, Nathan M.; Sakita, Francis M.; Rubach, Matthew P.; Bloomfield, Gerald S.; Manavalan, Preeti
• Is Part Of: Global public health. Volume 17:Issue 12(2022)
• Page Start: 3747
• Page End: 3759
• Publication Date: 2022-12-02
• Subjects: Sub-Saharan Africa -- HIV -- hypertension -- diabetes mellitus -- obesity; Public health -- Periodicals; 362.105
• DOI: 10.1080/17441692.2022.2049344
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1744-1692

Abstract

ABSTRACT: HIV is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, but there has been less study of cardiovascular comorbidities among people with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa. In a cross-sectional observational study, Tanzanian adults presenting for outpatient HIV care completed a questionnaire and underwent weight, height, blood pressure, and blood glucose measurement. Hypertension was defined by blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg or self-reported hypertension. Uncontrolled hypertension was defined as measured blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg. Diabetes was defined by fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dl, random glucose ≥200 mg/dl, or self-reported diabetes. Obesity was defined by body mass index ≥30 kg/m 2 . Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify predictors of uncontrolled hypertension. Among 500 participants, 173 (34.6%) had hypertension, 21 (4.2%) had diabetes, and 99 (19.8%) were obese. Of those with hypertension, 116 (67.1%) were unaware of their hypertension, and 155 (89.6%) had uncontrolled hypertension. In multivariate analysis, uncontrolled hypertension was associated with older age (OR 1.07, 95% CI: 1.05–1.10, p < 0.001) and higher body mass index (OR 1.17, 95% CI: 1.11–1.22, p < 0.001). Interventions are needed to improve screening and treatment for hypertension, diabetes, and obesity among Tanzanians with HIV.