Impact of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Vaccination and Booster on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Symptom Severity Over Time in the COVID-OUT Trial. (17th September 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Boulware, David R; Murray, Thomas A; Proper, Jennifer L; Tignanelli, Christopher J; Buse, John B; Liebovitz, David M; Nicklas, Jacinda M; Cohen, Kenneth; Puskarich, Michael A; Belani, Hrishikesh K; Siegel, Lianne K; Klatt, Nichole R; Odde, David J; Karger, Amy B; Ingraham, Nicholas E; Hartman, Katrina M; Rao, Via; Hagen, Aubrey A; Patel, Barkha; Fenno, Sarah L; Avula, Nandini; Reddy, Neha V; Erickson, Spencer M; Lindberg, Sarah; Fricton, Regina; Lee, Samuel; Zaman, Adnin; Saveraid, Hanna G; Tordsen, Walker J; Pullen, Matthew F; Sherwood, Nancy E; Huling, Jared D; Bramante, Carolyn T;
• Is Part Of: Clinical infectious diseases. Volume 76:Number 3(2023)
• Page Start: e1
• Page End: e9
• Publication Date: 2022-09-17
• Subjects: COVID-19 -- SARS-CoV-2 -- vaccine -- symptoms; Communicable diseases -- Periodicals; 616.905
• DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciac772
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1058-4838

Abstract

Abstract: Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination has decreasing protection from acquiring any infection with emergence of new variants; however, vaccination continues to protect against progression to severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The impact of vaccination status on symptoms over time is less clear. Methods: Within a randomized trial on early outpatient COVID-19 therapy testing metformin, ivermectin, and/or fluvoxamine, participants recorded symptoms daily for 14 days. Participants were given a paper symptom diary allowing them to circle the severity of 14 symptoms as none (0), mild (1), moderate (2), or severe (3). This is a secondary analysis of clinical trial data on symptom severity over time using generalized estimating equations comparing those unvaccinated, SARS-CoV-2 vaccinated with primary vaccine series only, or vaccine-boosted. Results: The parent clinical trial prospectively enrolled 1323 participants, of whom 1062 (80%) prospectively recorded some daily symptom data. Of these, 480 (45%) were unvaccinated, 530 (50%) were vaccinated with primary series only, and 52 (5%) vaccine-boosted. Overall symptom severity was least for the vaccine-boosted group and most severe for unvaccinated at baseline and over the 14 days ( P < .001). Individual symptoms were least severe in the vaccine-boosted group including cough, chills, fever, nausea, fatigue, myalgia, headache, and diarrhea, as well as smell and taste abnormalities. Results were consistent over Delta and Omicron variant time periods. Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-boosted participants had the least severe symptoms during COVID-19, which abated the quickest over time. Clinical Trial Registration. NCT04510194. Graphical Abstract: Graphical Abstract Abstract : Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 was associated with reduced Covid-19 symptom severity in a sample of low to moderate risk adults who were enrolled in an outpatient Covid-19 treatment trial. Boosting was associated with further reduction in symptoms.