The timing of the deglaciation in the Atlantic Iberian mountains: Insights from the stratigraphic analysis of a lake sequence in Serra da Estrela (Portugal). Issue 2 (8th January 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Hernández, Armand; Sáez, Alberto; Santos, Ricardo N.; Rodrigues, Teresa; Martin‐Puertas, Celia; Gil‐Romera, Graciela; Abbott, Mark; Carballeira, Rafael; Costa, Pedro; Giralt, Santiago; Gomes, Sandra D.; Griffore, Melissa; Ibañez‐Insa, Jordi; Leira, Manel; Moreno, João; Naughton, Filipa; Oliveira, Dulce; Raposeiro, Pedro M.; Trigo, Ricardo M.; Vieira, Gonçalo; Ramos, Alexandre M.
• Is Part Of: Earth surface processes and landforms. Volume 48:Issue 2(2023)
• Page Start: 233
• Page End: 242
• Publication Date: 2023-01-08
• Subjects: climate change -- geochronology -- Holocene -- Iberian Peninsula -- lake sediments -- Late Glacial -- palaeoclimate; Geomorphology -- Periodicals; 551.4
• DOI: 10.1002/esp.5536
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0197-9337

Abstract

Abstract: Understanding the environmental response to the last glacial termination in regions located in transitional climate zones such as the Atlantic Iberian mountains is crucial to estimate potential changes in regions affected by current glacial melting. We present an 8.5 m‐long, solid last deglaciation and Holocene chronostratigraphic record including detailed sediment analysis from Lake Peixão, a pro‐glacial lake in the Serra da Estrela (Central Portugal). The age–depth model relies on a Bayesian approach that includes 16 AMS 14 C dates and 210 Pb– 137 CS measurements, robustly dating the lake formation at 14.7 ± 0.32 cal. ka BP. This chronological reconstruction shows an average sedimentation rate of ca. 0.07 cm yr −1 (15 yr cm −1 ), enabling proxy analyses at decadal timescales. The sediment sequence is composed of five lithological units: (U1) coarse and unsorted fluvioglacial lacustrine deposits; (U2) massive fluvioglacial lacustrine deposits (863–790 cm below surface [bsf]; 14.7 ± 0.32–13.8 ± 0.12 cal. ka BP); (U3) water current fluvioglacial lacustrine deposits (790–766 cm bsf; 13.8 ± 0.12–12.9 ± 0.29 cal. ka BP); (U4) laminated/banded lacustrine deposits characterized by terrigenous deposits from ice‐covered lake periods and episodic events of ice and snow melting (766–752 cm bsf; 12.9 ± 0.29–11.7 ± 0.15 cal. ka BP); and (U5) massive muddy lacustrine deposits (752–0 cm bsf; 11.7 ± 0.15 cal. ka BP–present). The occurrence of U2 to U4 deposits defines the transition from glacial cold (U1) to net warm postglacial conditions (U5). These climate transitions are marked by changes in sediments and the presence of very low sedimentation rate periods, possibly related to the Intra‐Allerød Cold Period and the coldest phase of the Younger Dryas. Our results support the previously proposed timing of the retreat of the Serra da Estrela glaciers ca. 13.8 ± 0.12 cal. ka BP. The robust chronology of Lake Peixão highlights the potential of Iberian pro‐glacial lakes for dating deglaciation processes and will lead to unprecedented decadal‐to‐centennial timescale palaeoclimate reconstructions in this region since the last glacial–interglacial transition. Abstract : We present a unique Late Glacial and Holocene chronostratigraphic record including detailed sediment analysis from a pro‐glacial lake in the Serra da Estrela (Portugal). Sediments are composed of massive and/or water‐current coarse fluvioglacial lacustrine deposits and laminated/banded and massive muddy lacustrine deposits. Changes in sediments indicate climate transitions including the Bølling–Allerød, the Younger Dryas and the current interglacial (the Holocene). Our results establish the timing of the retreat of the Serra da Estrela glaciers at 13.8 ± 0.12 cal. ka BP.