Effectiveness and safety of ventriculoperitoneal shunt versus lumboperitoneal shunt for communicating hydrocephalus: A systematic review and meta‐analysis with trial sequential analysis. (17th January 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ho, Yi‐Jen; Chiang, Wen‐Chun; Huang, Hsin‐Yi; Lin, Shinn‐Zong; Tsai, Sheng‐Tzung
• Is Part Of: CNS neuroscience & therapeutics. Volume 29:Number 3(2023)
• Page Start: 804
• Page End: 815
• Publication Date: 2023-01-17
• Subjects: communicating hydrocephalus -- lumboperitoneal shunt -- meta‐analysis -- ventriculoperitoneal shunt; Neuropharmacology -- Periodicals; Central nervous system -- Diseases -- Effect of drugs on -- Periodicals; 612.8
• DOI: 10.1111/cns.14086
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1755-5930

Abstract

Abstract: Introduction: The current standard surgical treatment for cerebrospinal fluid diversion is a ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) implantation. Lumboperitoneal shunts (LPS) are an alternative treatment for communicating hydrocephalus. Prior studies comparing these two included a limited number of participants. Methods: We performed a meta‐analysis determined the treatment failure, complications and effectiveness of lumboperitoneal shunt for communicating hydrocephalus. We reviewed studies with clinical and imaging diagnoses of communicating hydrocephalus, all causes and subtypes of communicating hydrocephalus, and studies that analyzed the primary and secondary outcomes listed below. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs), non‐RCTs and retrospective studies. We performed the meta‐analysis in R, using a random‐effects model and reporting 95% confidence intervals. Results: Data from 25 studies, including 3654 patients, were analyzed. The total complication rates were 12.98% (188/1448) for lumboperitoneal shunt and 23.80% (398/1672) for ventriculoperitoneal shunt. The odds ratio for lumboperitoneal shunt versus ventriculoperitoneal shunt complication rates was 0.29 (95% CI 0.19 to 0.45, p < 0.0001), and the I 2 was 72%. The shunt obstruction/malfunction rate was 3.99% (48/1204) for lumboperitoneal shunt and 8.31% (115/1384) for ventriculoperitoneal shunt (Odds ratio 0.54, 95% CI 0.37 to 0.79, p = 0.002, I 2 = 0%). Based on the Modified Rankin Scale score, there were no differences in effectiveness between lumboperitoneal shunt and ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Nevertheless, lumboperitoneal shunt improved radiological outcomes. Conclusions: This analysis demonstrated that lumboperitoneal shunt is a safe and equally effective choice for treating communicating hydrocephalus. More studies are needed to confirm the safety of lumboperitoneal shunt. Abstract : Our meta‐analysis indicates that LPS is a safe and equally effective treatment for hydrocephalus compared with VPS. LPS had a lower complication rate, including lower infection, seizure, shunt obstruction/malfunction and hemorrhage rate, compared to VPS.