Engineering organ-on-a-chip systems to model viral infections. (1st April 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Shahabipour, Fahimeh; Satta, Sandro; Mahmoodi, Mahboobeh; Sun, Argus; de Barros, Natan Roberto; Li, Song; Hsiai, Tzung; Ashammakhi, Nureddin
• Is Part Of: Biofabrication. Volume 15:Number 2(2023)
• Publication Date: 2023-04-01
• Subjects: organ on-a-chip -- microfluidic -- viral infection -- COVID-19; Biomedical engineering -- Periodicals; Tissue engineering -- Periodicals; Biomedical materials -- Microstructure -- Periodicals; Bioengineering -- Periodicals; 610.28
• DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac6538
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1758-5082

Abstract

Abstract: Infectious diseases remain a public healthcare concern worldwide. Amidst the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, increasing resources have been diverted to investigate therapeutics targeting the COVID-19 spike glycoprotein and to develop various classes of vaccines. Most of the current investigations employ two-dimensional (2D) cell culture and animal models. However, 2D culture negates the multicellular interactions and three-dimensional (3D) microenvironment, and animal models cannot mimic human physiology because of interspecies differences. On the other hand, organ-on-a-chip (OoC) devices introduce a game-changer to model viral infections in human tissues, facilitating high-throughput screening of antiviral therapeutics. In this context, this review provides an overview of the in vitro OoC-based modeling of viral infection, highlighting the strengths and challenges for the future.