Cross-immunity against SARS-COV-2 variants of concern in naturally infected critically ill COVID-19 patients. Issue 1 (January 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Fraser, Douglas D.; Patel, Maitray A.; Van Nynatten, Logan R.; Martin, Claudio; Seney, Shannon L.; Miller, Michael R.; Daley, Mark; Slessarev, Marat; Cepinskas, Gediminas; Juneja, Ganeem K.; Sabourin, Vanessa; Fox-Robichaud, Alison; Yeh, Calvin H.; Kim, Paul Y.; Badrnya, Sigrun; Oehler, Susanne; Miholits, Markus; Webb, Brian
• Is Part Of: Heliyon. Volume 9:Issue 1(2023)
• Publication Date: 2023-01
• Subjects: SARS-CoV-2 -- COVID-19 -- Intensive care units -- Antibodies -- Neutralizing -- Adaptive immunity -- SARS-CoV-2 alpha variant -- SARS-CoV-2 beta variant -- SARS-CoV-2 gamma variant -- SARS-CoV-2 delta variant; COVID-19 coronavirus disease 2019 -- ICU intensive care unit -- WT wild-type -- VOC variants of concern -- RBD receptor binding domain -- ACE2 angiotensin-converting enzyme -- REB research ethics board -- P/F arterial partial pressure to inspired oxygen -- MODS multi-organ dysfunction score -- SOFA sequential organ failure assessment -- VTE venous thromboembolism -- MFI median fluorescence intensity -- IQR interquartile range -- ROC receiver operating characteristic -- AUC area-under-the-curve -- COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Research -- Periodicals; Medical sciences -- Periodicals; Natural history -- Periodicals; Social sciences -- Periodicals; Earth sciences -- Periodicals; Physical sciences -- Periodicals; 507.2
• DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12704
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2405-8440

Abstract

Abstract: Critically ill patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 display adaptive immunity, but it is unknown if they develop cross-reactivity to variants of concern (VOCs). We profiled cross-immunity against SARS-CoV-2 VOCs in naturally infected, non-vaccinated, critically ill COVID-19 patients. Wave-1 patients (wild-type infection) were similar in demographics to Wave-3 patients (wild-type/alpha infection), but Wave-3 patients had higher illness severity. Wave-1 patients developed increasing neutralizing antibodies to all variants, as did patients during Wave-3. Wave-3 patients, when compared to Wave-1, developed more robust antibody responses, particularly for wild-type, alpha, beta and delta variants. Within Wave-3, neutralizing antibodies were significantly less to beta and gamma VOCs, as compared to wild-type, alpha and delta. Patients previously diagnosed with cancer or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease had significantly fewer neutralizing antibodies. Naturally infected ICU patients developed adaptive responses to all VOCs, with greater responses in those patients more likely to be infected with the alpha variant, versus wild-type.