Comparative appraisal of in vitro biological profile and in vivo wound healing attributes of bergenin and Bergenia ciliata (Haw.) Sternb. (25th March 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Faiz, Sidra; Waseem, Durdana; Haq, Ihsan-ul; Taqi, Malik Mumtaz; Mohsin, Syeda Aroosa; Irshad, Nadeem; Phull, Abdul Rehman; Fatima, Humaira
• Is Part Of: Journal of ethnopharmacology. Volume 304(2023)
• Publication Date: 2023-03-25
• Subjects: B. ciliata rhizome -- Bergenin -- Wound healing -- Antibacterial -- Hemolytic activity; μg AAE/mg DW microgram equivalents of ascorbic acid per milligram of plant powder -- CFU colony forming units -- FRAP Ferric reducing antioxidant power -- FRSA Free radical scavenging assay -- KPK Khyber Pakhtunkhwa -- MIC minimum inhibitory concentration -- RP-HPLC high-performance liquid -- TAC total antioxidant capacity; Ethnopharmacology -- Periodicals; Pharmacognosy -- Periodicals; Herbs -- Periodicals; Herbs -- Periodicals; Pharmacognosy -- Periodicals; Pharmacognosie -- Périodiques; Herbes -- Périodiques; 615.1
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115993
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0378-8741

Abstract

Abstract: Ethnopharmacological relevance: People of all ages experience injuries, whether mild or severe. The most available option to treat wounds as an alternative to allopathic care in both urban and rural populations is traditional medicine, which is mostly target inflammation. Bergenia ciliata (Haw.) Sternb rhizome and leaf powder are used in Ayurveda and local communities for various ailments including healing of wounds and burns. Owing to this property it is traditionally known as "Zakham-e-hayat" (wound healer). Aim of the study: In the present study, we compared biological activity and wound healing potential of B. ciliata rhizome (R) extract and bergenin, a glycoside isolated from B. ciliata . Materials and methods: Reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) was performed to analyze polyphenols and bergenin in B. ciliata R extract. Samples were subjected to in vitro antioxidant assays including free radical scavenging, ferric chloride reducing power and total antioxidant capacity. Micro-broth dilution method, brine shrimp lethality assay and isolated RBC hemolysis assay were conducted to assess in vitro antibacterial and cytotoxic activities. Moreover, in vivo wound healing potential was determined by an excision wound model in mice. Results: RP-HPLC showed significant content of polyphenols and bergenin (6.05 ± 0.12 μg/mg) in B. ciliata R extract. Crude extract possesses higher overall antioxidant and antibacterial capacities than bergenin due to presence of multiple phytoconstituents in extract. Both samples showed low hemolytic activity indicating their safe profile. Furthermore, mice treated with B. ciliata R extract depicted substantial decrease in wound area (99.3%; p < 0.05) as compared to bergenin, which showed 88.8% of wound closure after 12 days of treatment. Additionally, both treatments reduced epithelization duration by 1.6- and 1.4-fold in B. ciliata R extract (12.0 ± 0.6 days) and bergenin (14.2 ± 0.8 days) treated mice, respectively. This was supported by histopathological examination that showed greater epithelization, fibroblast proliferation, collagen synthesis, and revascularization in mice treated with B. ciliata R. Conclusion: Concisely, it is evident that B. ciliata R contains phytoconstituents in addition to bergenin, which potentiated wound healing activity of the extract. Hence, B. ciliata R is good source of compounds for treating wounds. Graphical abstract: Image 1 Highlights: Bergenia ciliata rhizome has potent antioxidant activity. Bergenia ciliata rhizome and bergenin can inhibit bacterial growth in vitro. Wound healing capacity of Bergenia ciliata rhizome is higher than bergenin. Biological effects of Bergenia ciliata are attributed to bergenin and polyphenols.