Gardenia fruit and Eucommia leaves combination improves hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia via pancreatic lipase and AMPK-PPARα and Keap-1-Nrf2-HO-1 regulation. (January 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Su, Xiaotong; Hao, Shun; Li, Wenna; Li, Xu; Mo, Zhentao; Li, Yiqi; Xiao, Lu; Wang, Wenjun; Wang, Feng
• Is Part Of: Journal of functional foods. Volume 100(2023)
• Publication Date: 2023-01
• Subjects: Oxidative stress -- Lipid and glucose regulation -- Eucommia ulmoides leaves -- Gardenia fruit -- Pancreatic lipase -- AMPK- PPARα; Functional foods -- Analysis -- Periodicals; Food -- Biotechnology -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; 613.2
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105394
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1756-4646

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: GE + EE significantly improves glucose and lipid tolerance in normal C57BL/6J mice. GE + EE remarkably inhibits intracellular lipid accumulation in OA-treated HepG2 cells. GE + EE has a significant effect on protection against oxidative stress in OA-treated HepG2 cells. GE + EE againsts OA-induced lipotoxicity by the pathways of AMPK- PPARα and Nrf2-Keap-1-HO-1. Abstract: Obesity is associated with an increased risk of chronic diseases and affects the overall quality of life. Gardenia jasminoides (Ellis) fruit (GE) and Eucommia ulmoides leaves (EE) are traditional medicines reported to possess antioxidative, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-hyperlipidemic, and anti-obesity activities. However, the synergistic effect of combining Gardenia and Eucommia remains unclear. This study aimed to test the combination via animal and cell experiments. GE extract mainly contains geniposide (52.5 %), whereas EE extract contains crocin (10.5 %) and chlorogenic acid (52.3 %). Copper soap analysis revealed that the combination of GE and EE induced greater pancreatic lipase activity. In C57BL/6J mice, this combination markedly improved hypertriglyceridemia and hyperglycemia in intravenous fat and intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests, respectively. In HepG2 cells with hyperlipidemia induced via oleic acid (OA), GE + EE reduced the accumulation of ectopic lipid and augmented the oxidative stress-related enzyme activities by elevating PPARα, AMPK, Nrf2, and HO-1 expression and attenuating Keap-1 expression. Thus, this combination protects against OA-induced lipid toxicity by targeting AMPK-PPARα and Nrf2- Keap-1-HO-1.