Alternate Synthesis Method for High‐Performance Manganese Rich Cation Disordered Rocksalt Cathodes. Issue 4 (13th December 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Patil, Shripad; Darbar, Devendrasinh; Self, Ethan C.; Malkowski, Thomas; Wu, Vincent C.; Giovine, Raynald; Szymanski, Nathan J.; McAuliffe, Rebecca D.; Jiang, Bo; Keum, Jong K.; Koirala, Krishna P.; Ouyang, Bin; Page, Katharine; Wang, Chongmin; Ceder, Gerbrand; Clément, Raphaële J.; Nanda, Jagjit
• Is Part Of: Advanced energy materials. Volume 13:Issue 4(2023)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2022-12-13
• Subjects: cation disordered rocksalts -- lithium‐ion battery cathodes -- manganese‐rich -- sol‐gel -- synthesis; Energy harvesting -- Materials -- Periodicals; Energy conversion -- Materials -- Periodicals; Energy storage -- Materials -- Periodicals; Photovoltaics -- Periodicals; Fuel cells -- Periodicals; Thermoelectric materials -- Periodicals; 621.31
• DOI: 10.1002/aenm.202203207
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1614-6832

Abstract

Abstract: Cation‐disordered rocksalt (DRX) cathodes have recently emerged as a promising class of cobalt‐free, high‐capacity cathodes for lithium‐ion batteries. To facilitate their commercialization, the development of scalable synthesis techniques providing control over composition and morphology is critical. To this end, a sol‐gel synthesis route to prepare Mn‐rich DRX cathodes with high capacities is presented here. Several compositions with varied Mn content and nominal F doping are successfully prepared using this technique. In‐situ X‐ray diffraction measurements demonstrate that DRX formation proceeds at moderate temperature (800 °C) through the sol‐gel route, which enables intimate mixing among reactive intermediate phases that form at lower temperatures. All synthesized compositions possess cation short‐range order, as evidenced by neutron pair distribution function and electron diffraction analysis. These DRX materials demonstrate promising electrochemical performance with reversible capacities up to 275 mAh g. Compared to the baseline oxide (Li1.2 Mn0.4 Ti0.4 O2 ), the Mn‐rich compositions exhibit improved cycling stability, with some showing an increase in capacity upon cycling. Overall, this study demonstrates the feasibility of preparing high‐capacity DRX cathodes through a sol‐gel based synthesis route, which may be further optimized to provide better control over the product morphology compared to traditional synthesis methods. Abstract : A sol‐gel method to synthesize Mn‐rich disordered rocksalt (DRX) cathodes is developed in this study. Atomic mixing of cations during sol‐gel leads to the formation of a DRX phase at relatively low temperatures. The compositions prepared by this route show high reversible capacities up to 275 mAh g ‐1 and good capacity retention, with some demonstrating an increase in capacity with cycling.