Foretelling the Flex—Vertebral Shape Predicts Behavior and Ecology of Fishes. (28th June 2021)
- Record Type:
- Journal Article
- Title:
- Foretelling the Flex—Vertebral Shape Predicts Behavior and Ecology of Fishes. (28th June 2021)
- Main Title:
- Foretelling the Flex—Vertebral Shape Predicts Behavior and Ecology of Fishes
- Authors:
- Donatelli, Cassandra M
Roberts, Alexus S
Scott, Eric
DeSmith, Kylene
Summers, Dexter
Abu-Bader, Layanne
Baxter, Dana
Standen, Emily M
Porter, Marianne E
Summers, Adam P
Tytell, Eric D - Abstract:
- Synopsis: One key evolutionary innovation that separates vertebrates from invertebrates is the notochord, a central element that provides the stiffness needed for powerful movements. Later, the notochord was further stiffened by the vertebrae, cartilaginous, and bony elements, surrounding the notochord. The ancestral notochord is retained in modern vertebrates as intervertebral material, but we know little about its mechanical interactions with surrounding vertebrae. In this study, the internal shape of the vertebrae—where this material is found—was quantified in 16 species of fishes with various body shapes, swimming modes, and habitats. We used micro-computed tomography to measure the internal shape. We then created and mechanically tested physical models of intervertebral joints. We also mechanically tested actual vertebrae of five species. Material testing shows that internal morphology of the centrum significantly affects bending and torsional stiffness. Finally, we performed swimming trials to gather kinematic data. Combining these data, we created a model that uses internal vertebral morphology to make predictions about swimming kinematics and mechanics. We used linear discriminant analysis (LDA) to assess the relationship between vertebral shape and our categorical traits. The analysis revealed that internal vertebral morphology is sufficient to predict habitat, body shape, and swimming mode in our fishes. This model can also be used to make predictions aboutSynopsis: One key evolutionary innovation that separates vertebrates from invertebrates is the notochord, a central element that provides the stiffness needed for powerful movements. Later, the notochord was further stiffened by the vertebrae, cartilaginous, and bony elements, surrounding the notochord. The ancestral notochord is retained in modern vertebrates as intervertebral material, but we know little about its mechanical interactions with surrounding vertebrae. In this study, the internal shape of the vertebrae—where this material is found—was quantified in 16 species of fishes with various body shapes, swimming modes, and habitats. We used micro-computed tomography to measure the internal shape. We then created and mechanically tested physical models of intervertebral joints. We also mechanically tested actual vertebrae of five species. Material testing shows that internal morphology of the centrum significantly affects bending and torsional stiffness. Finally, we performed swimming trials to gather kinematic data. Combining these data, we created a model that uses internal vertebral morphology to make predictions about swimming kinematics and mechanics. We used linear discriminant analysis (LDA) to assess the relationship between vertebral shape and our categorical traits. The analysis revealed that internal vertebral morphology is sufficient to predict habitat, body shape, and swimming mode in our fishes. This model can also be used to make predictions about swimming in fishes not easily studied in the laboratory, such as deep sea and extinct species, allowing the development of hypotheses about their natural behavior. … (more)
- Is Part Of:
- Integrative and comparative biology. Volume 61:Number 2(2021)
- Journal:
- Integrative and comparative biology
- Issue:
- Volume 61:Number 2(2021)
- Issue Display:
- Volume 61, Issue 2 (2021)
- Year:
- 2021
- Volume:
- 61
- Issue:
- 2
- Issue Sort Value:
- 2021-0061-0002-0000
- Page Start:
- 414
- Page End:
- 426
- Publication Date:
- 2021-06-28
- Subjects:
- Zoology -- Periodicals
Biology -- Periodicals
Physiology, Comparative -- Periodicals
590.5 - Journal URLs:
- http://icb.oxfordjournals.org/ ↗
http://ukcatalogue.oup.com/ ↗ - DOI:
- 10.1093/icb/icab110 ↗
- Languages:
- English
- ISSNs:
- 1540-7063
- Deposit Type:
- Legaldeposit
- View Content:
- Available online (eLD content is only available in our Reading Rooms) ↗
- Physical Locations:
- British Library DSC - 4531.816565
British Library DSC - BLDSS-3PM
British Library HMNTS - ELD Digital store - Ingest File:
- 25438.xml