Novel mixtures of Italian ryegrass and winter cereals: influence of ensiling on nutritional composition, fermentation characteristics, microbial counts and ruminal degradability. Issue 1 (1st January 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Worku, Alemayehu; Tóthi, Róbert; Orosz, Szilvia; Fébel, Hedvig; Kacsala, László; Vermeire, Drew; Tóth, Tamás
• Is Part Of: Italian journal of animal science. Volume 20:Issue 1(2021)
• Page Start: 749
• Page End: 761
• Publication Date: 2021-01-01
• Subjects: Effective degradation -- lactic acid -- mould and yeast count -- potential degradation -- volatile fatty acids; Animal culture -- Periodicals; Livestock -- Italy -- Periodicals; Veterinary medicine -- Italy -- Periodicals; Animal culture; Livestock; Veterinary medicine; Italy; Periodicals; Periodicals; 636.005
• DOI: 10.1080/1828051X.2021.1924883
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1828-051X

Abstract

Abstract: The study was conducted with the objective of evaluating the nutrient content, fermentation characteristics, microbial counts, and ruminal degradability of two mixtures of Italian ryegrass ( Lolium multiflorum Lam .) and winter cereal silages. Two mixtures (mixture A: Italian ryegrass, triticale, oats, wheat and barley; and mixture B: Italian ryegrass and oats) were wilted and ensiled in laboratory‐scale silos without additives. At the end of 90 d fermentation mixture B silage had higher ( p < .05) dry matter (DM), ether extract (EE), crude fibre (CF), neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and acid detergent fibre (ADF) contents than mixture A silage. The pH value of mixture B was higher ( p < .05) than mixture A silage. Mixture A had higher lactate, acetate and ethanol contents than mixture B. However, mixture B had higher NH3 -N (day 14) than mixture A silage. The mould and yeast count (Log10 CFU g −1 ) was higher ( p < .05) for mixture A than mixture B at opening day 7. The in situ incubation revealed that potentially degradable fraction ( b ) of DM, CP and NDF was 39.41%, 43.59%, 80.23% (mixture A) and 39.16%, 32.39%, 94.35% (mixture B). The effective protein degradability (EPD) at 0.08 rumen outflow rates was 67.26% (mixture A) and 67.19% (mixture B). These results suggest that with the proper stage of harvesting, Italian ryegrass and winter cereal mixtures were fermented well. This kind of mixtures can be ensiled without additives in the future. The high potentially degradable NDF and effective protein degradability implies that this mixture could be included successfully in high-yielding dairy cattle diets. Highlights: Italian ryegrass and winter cereal mixtures are well preserved without additives and it saves the cost of additives for dairy farmers. The ensiled mixtures have high potentially degradable NDF and effective protein degradability, which improve dry matter intake, milk production and increase the net return of farm. The mixture forage can be double-cropped with corn for silage making, which can have both environmental and economic benefits if the ensiled mixture yields are enough to cover expenses.