Next-generation prebiotic promotes selective growth of bifidobacteria, suppressing Clostridioides difficile. (1st January 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Hirano, Rika; Sakanaka, Mikiyasu; Yoshimi, Kazuto; Sugimoto, Naohisa; Eguchi, Syogo; Yamauchi, Yuko; Nara, Misaki; Maeda, Shingo; Ami, Yuta; Gotoh, Aina; Katayama, Takane; Iida, Noriho; Kato, Tamotsu; Ohno, Hiroshi; Fukiya, Satoru; Yokota, Atsushi; Nishimoto, Mamoru; Kitaoka, Motomitsu; Nakai, Hiroyuki; Kurihara, Shin
• Is Part Of: Gut microbes. Volume 13:Isuse 1(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-01-01
• Subjects: Prebiotic -- probiotic -- bifidobacteria -- microbiome -- microbiota -- Clostridioides difficile; Gastrointestinal system -- Microbiology -- Periodicals; Microbiology -- Periodicals; Intestine, Small -- Periodicals; 616.3
• DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1973835
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1949-0984

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Certain existing prebiotics meant to facilitate the growth of beneficial bacteria in the intestine also promote the growth of other prominent bacteria. Therefore, the growth-promoting effects of β-galactosides on intestinal bacteria were analyzed. Galactosyl-β1, 4-l -rhamnose (Gal-β1, 4-Rha) selectively promoted the growth of Bifidobacterium. Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum 105-A (JCM 31944) has multiple solute-binding proteins belonging to ATP-binding cassette transporters for sugars. Each strain in the library of 11 B. longum subsp. longum mutants, in which each gene of the solute-binding protein was disrupted, was cultured in a medium containing Gal-β1, 4-Rha as the sole carbon source, and only the BL105A_0502 gene-disruption mutant showed delayed and reduced growth compared to the wild-type strain. BL105A_0502 homolog is highly conserved in bifidobacteria. In a Gal-β1, 4-Rha-containing medium, Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis JCM 1222 T, which possesses BLIJ_2090, a homologous protein to BL105A_0502, suppressed the growth of enteric pathogen Clostridioides difficile, whereas the BLIJ_2090 gene-disrupted mutant did not. In vivo, administration of B. infantis and Gal-β1, 4-Rha alleviated C. difficile infection-related weight loss in mice. We have successfully screened Gal-β1, 4-Rha as a next-generation prebiotic candidate that specifically promotes the growth of beneficial bacteria without promoting the growth of prominent bacteria and pathogens.