ATOMS: ALMA three-millimeter observations of massive star-forming regions – III. Catalogues of candidate hot molecular cores and hyper/ultra compact H ii regions. Issue 2 (17th May 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Liu, Hong-Li; Liu, Tie; Evans II, Neal J; Wang, Ke; Garay, Guido; Qin, Sheng-Li; Li, Shanghuo; Stutz, Amelia; Goldsmith, Paul F; Liu, Sheng-Yuan; Tej, Anandmayee; Zhang, Qizhou; Juvela, Mika; Li, Di; Wang, Jun-Zhi; Bronfman, Leonardo; Ren, Zhiyuan; Wu, Yue-Fang; Kim, Kee-Tae; Lee, Chang Won; Tatematsu, Ken'ichi; Cunningham, Maria R; Liu, Xun-Chuan; Wu, Jing-Wen; Hirota, Tomoya; Lee, Jeong-Eun; Li, Pak-Shing; Kang, Sung-Ju; Mardones, Diego; Ristorcelli, Isabelle; Zhang, Yong; Luo, Qiu-Yi; Toth, L Viktor; Yi, Hee-weon; Yun, Hyeong-Sik; Peng, Ya-Ping; Li, Juan; Zhu, Feng-Yao; Shen, Zhi-Qiang; Baug, Tapas; Dewangan, L K; Chakali, Eswaraiah; Liu, Rong; Xu, Feng-Wei; Wang, Yu; Zhang, Chao; Li, Jinzeng; Zhang, Chao; Zhou, Jianwen; Tang, Mengyao; Xue, Qiaowei; Issac, Namitha; Soam, Archana; Álvarez-Gutiérrez, Rodrigo H;
• Is Part Of: Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Volume 505:Issue 2(2021)
• Page Start: 2801
• Page End: 2818
• Publication Date: 2021-05-17
• Subjects: stars: formation -- stars: kinematics and dynamics -- ISM: clouds -- H ii regions; Astronomy -- Periodicals; Periodicals; 520.5
• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stab1352
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0035-8711

Abstract

ABSTRACT: We have identified 453 compact dense cores in 3 mm continuum emission maps in the ALMA Three-millimetre Observations of Massive Star-forming regions survey, and compiled three catalogues of high-mass star-forming cores. One catalogue, referred to as hyper/ultra compact (H/UC)-H ii catalogue, includes 89 cores that enshroud H/UC H ii regions as characterized by associated compact H40α emission. A second catalogue, referred to as pure s-cHMC, includes 32 candidate hot molecular cores (HMCs) showing rich spectra ( N ≥ 20 lines) of complex organic molecules (COMs) and not associated with H/UC-H ii regions. The third catalogue, referred to as pure w-cHMC, includes 58 candidate HMCs with relatively low levels of COM richness and not associated with H/UC-H ii regions. These three catalogues of dense cores provide an important foundation for future studies of the early stages of high-mass star formation across the Milky Way. We also find that nearly half of H/UC-H ii cores are candidate HMCs. From the number counts of COM-containing and H/UC-H ii cores, we suggest that the duration of high-mass protostellar cores showing chemically rich features is at least comparable to the lifetime of H/UC-H ii regions. For cores in the H/UC-H ii catalogue, the width of the H40α line increases as the core size decreases, suggesting that the non-thermal dynamical and/or pressure line-broadening mechanisms dominate on the smaller scales of the H/UC-H ii cores.