Cognition and memory impairment attenuation via reduction of oxidative stress in acute and chronic mice models of epilepsy using antiepileptogenic Nux vomica. (1st March 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Mishra, Priya; Mittal, Amit Kumar; Rajput, Satyendra Kumar; Sinha, Jitendra Kumar
• Is Part Of: Journal of ethnopharmacology. Volume 267(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-03-01
• Subjects: Oxidative stress -- Behavioral impairment -- Complementary and alternative medicine -- Homeopathy -- Anticonvulsant -- Anxiolytic; HMPs Homeopathic medicinal preparations -- CH Centesimal Hahnemannian dilution -- PTZ Pentylenetetrazole -- GTCS Generalized tonic-clonic seizures -- MDA Malondialdehyde -- GSH Glutathione -- SOD Superoxide dismutase -- AEDs Anti-epileptic drugs -- HPI Homeopathic Pharmacopeia of India -- NV Nux vomica -- NV6CH Nux vomica homeopathic medicinal preparation with 6CH potency -- NV12CH Nux vomica homeopathic medicinal preparation with 12CH potency -- NV30CH Nux vomica homeopathic medicinal preparation with 30CH potency -- TBA Thiobarbituric acid -- i.p Intraperitoneally -- SVA Sodium valproate -- IO1 Initial object 1 -- IO2 Initial object 2 -- NO Novel object -- RPM Rotations/Revolutions per minute -- NE North-east -- SE South-east -- SW South-west -- NW North-west -- TBARS Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances -- Sec Second -- SEM Standard error of mean -- ROS Reactive oxygen species -- PGC-1α Proliferator-activated receptor gamma co-activator 1-alpha; Ethnopharmacology -- Periodicals; Pharmacognosy -- Periodicals; Herbs -- Periodicals; Herbs -- Periodicals; Pharmacognosy -- Periodicals; Pharmacognosie -- Périodiques; Herbes -- Périodiques; 615.1
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113509
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0378-8741

Abstract

Abstract: Ethnopharmacological relevance Processed Nux vomica seed extracts and homeopathic medicinal preparations (HMPs) are widely used in traditional Indian and Chinese medicine for respiratory, digestive, neurological and behavioral disorders. Antioxidant property of Nux vomica is well known and recent investigation has highlighted the anticonvulsant potential of its homeopathic formulation. Aim of the study: To explore the anticonvulsant and antiepileptogenic potential of Nux vomica HMPs (6CH, 12CH and 30CH potency) in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) induced acute and chronic experimental seizure models in mice and investigate their effects on cognition, memory, motor activity and oxidative stress markers in kindled animals. Materials and methods: Acute seizures were induced in the animals through 70 mg/kg (i.p.) administration of PTZ followed by the evaluation of latency and duration of Generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS). Subconvulsive PTZ doses (35 mg/kg, i.p.) induced kindling in 29 days, which was followed by assessment of cognition, memory and motor impairment through validated behavioral techniques. The status of oxidative stress was estimated through measurement of MDA, GSH and SOD. Results: HMPs delayed the latency and reduced the duration of GTCS in acute model signifying possible regulation of GABAergic neurotransmission. Kindling was significantly hindered by the HMPs that justified the ameliorated cognition, memory and motor activity impairment. The HMPs attenuated lipid peroxidation by reducing MDA level and strengthened the antioxidant mechanism by enhancing the GSH and SOD levels in the kindled animals. Conclusions: Nux vomica HMPs showed anticonvulsant and antiepileptogenic potency in acute and chronic models of epilepsy. The test drugs attenuated behavioral impairment and reduced the oxidative stress against PTZ induced kindling owing to which they can be further explored for their cellular and molecular mechanism(s). Graphical abstract: Image 1 Highlights: Nux vomica homeopathic medicinal preparations (HMPs) suppressed PTZ induced seizures in acute model. The HMPs delayed the kindling process in chronic model thereby exhibiting seizure progression inhibition potential. Cognitive decline and impairment in behavioral normalcy in the kindled animals was significantly ameliorated by the HMPs. Kindling induced motor coordination impairment was substantially ameliorated by the Nux vomica HMPs. Significant reduction in MDA and increment in GSH and SOD level signified antioxidant potential of the HMPs.