Infectious Diseases Learning Unit: Understanding Advances in the Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Among People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus. (17th July 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Mehtani, Nicky J; Puryear, Sarah; Pham, Paul; Dooley, Kelly E; Shah, Maunank
• Is Part Of: Open forum infectious diseases. Volume 8:Number 8(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-07-17
• Subjects: HIV -- latent tuberculosis infection -- rifamycin; Communicable diseases -- Periodicals; Medical microbiology -- Periodicals; Infection -- Periodicals; 616.9
• DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofab319
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2328-8957

Abstract

Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading cause of death among people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH). The diagnosis of latent TB infection (LTBI) and treatment with TB preventative therapy (TPT) can reduce morbidity and mortality in this population. Historically, isoniazid has been recommended for TPT in PWH due to the absence of drug-drug interactions with most antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, newer rifamycin-based regimens are safer, shorter in duration, associated with improved adherence, and may be as or more effective than isoniazid TPT. Current guidelines have significant heterogeneity in their recommendations for TPT regimens and acceptability of drug interactions with modern ART. In this Infectious Diseases learning unit, we review common questions on diagnosis, treatment, and drug interactions related to the management of LTBI among PWH. Abstract : The repertoire of data-driven medication regimens to treat latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among people with HIV (PWH) is rapidly evolving, leading to heterogeneity in published guidelines. We review the emerging data regarding LTBI management among PWH to support patient-centered care.