Critical role of neutralizing antibody for SARS-CoV-2 reinfection and transmission. Issue 1 (1st January 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kim, Young-Il; Kim, Se-Mi; Park, Su-Jin; Kim, Eun-Ha; Yu, Kwang-Min; Chang, Jae-Hyung; Kim, Eun Ji; Casel, Mark Anthony B.; Rollon, Rare; Jang, Seung-Gyu; Um, Jihye; Song, Min-Suk; Jeong, Hye Won; Kim, Eung-Gook; Kim, Yeonjae; Kim, So Yeon; Park, Jun-Sun; Park, Mi Sun; Kwon, Geun-Yong; Yeo, Sang Gu; Lee, Shin-Ae; Choi, Youn Jung; Jung, Jae U.; Choi, Young Ki
• Is Part Of: Emerging microbes & infections. Volume 10:Issue 1(2021)
• Page Start: 152
• Page End: 160
• Publication Date: 2021-01-01
• Subjects: SARS-CoV-2 -- reinfection -- COVID-19 -- neutralizing antibody -- ferret model; Medical microbiology -- Periodicals; Communicable diseases -- Periodicals; Infection -- Periodicals; 616.9041
• DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2021.1872352
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2222-1751

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Cases of laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 reinfection have been reported in a number of countries. Further, the level of natural immunity induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection is not fully clear, nor is it clear if a primary infection is protective against reinfection. To investigate the potential association between serum antibody titres and reinfection of SARS-CoV-2, ferrets with different levels of NAb titres after primary SARS-CoV-2 infection were subjected to reinfection with a heterologous SARS-CoV-2 strain. All heterologous SARS-CoV-2 reinfected ferrets showed active virus replication in the upper respiratory and gastro-intestinal tracts. However, the high NAb titre group showed attenuated viral replication and rapid viral clearance. In addition, direct-contact transmission was observed only from reinfected ferrets with low NAb titres (<20), and not from other groups. Further, lung histopathology demonstrated the presence of limited inflammatory regions in the high NAb titre groups compared with control and low NAb groups. This study demonstrates a close correlation between a low NAb titre and SARS-CoV-2 reinfection in a recovered ferret reinfection model.