ACUTE IDIOPATHIC MACULOPATHY: A Proposed Disease Staging Based on Multimodal Imaging. Issue 12 (December 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Pajtler Rosar, Ana; Casalino, Giuseppe; Cozzi, Mariano; Pellegrini, Marco; Bottoni, Ferdinando; Dell'Arti, Laura; Lavric, Alenka; Umek, Lan; Globocnik Petrovic, Mojca; Pavesio, Carlos; Vidovič Valentinčič, Nataša; Staurenghi, Giovanni
• Is Part Of: Retina. Volume 41:Issue 12(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-12
• Subjects: acute idiopathic maculopathy -- fundus autofluorescence -- multimodal retinal imaging -- optical coherence tomography; Retina -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Retinal Diseases; Vitreous Body; 617.735
• DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000003247
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0275-004X

Abstract

Abstract : Purpose: To describe the clinical course and the multimodal imaging of acute idiopathic maculopathy. Methods: Medical records and multimodal imaging including color fundus photography, optical coherence tomography, and fundus autofluorescence were retrospectively reviewed. Recognition of the fundus autofluorescence patterns and their relationship with the disease duration, best-corrected visual acuity, and optical coherence tomography features represented the main outcome measures. Results: Seventeen eyes of 16 patients (7 women; mean age 29.9 years) with a mean follow-up of 23.9 months were included. The mean best-corrected visual acuity at presentation was 0.63 ± 0.54 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (Snellen equivalent, 20/85). All but one patient had the best-corrected visual acuity recovery to 20/20. Four sequential patterns of fundus autofluorescence corresponding to 4 proposed stages of disease were observed. Patterns 1 (central hypoautofluorescence with surrounding hyperautofluorescence) and 2 (stippled hyperautofluorescence and hypoautofluorescence) were found at presentation. Patterns 3 (central hyperautofluorescence surrounded by hypoautofluorescence) and 4 (hypoautofluorescence) were observed during the disease course and/or at the last follow-up visit. Duration of the disease was significantly different between patterns at baseline and last visit. Pattern 1 significantly related to the presence of subretinal detachment (Fisher's exact test; P =0.003) on optical coherence tomography in comparison with Pattern 2. Pattern 4 showed unique homogeneously decreased autofluorescence with corresponding attenuation of retinal pigment epithelium and restored outer retinal layers on optical coherence tomography. Conclusion: A sequential disease staging based on multimodal imaging for acute idiopathic maculopathy is proposed. The recognition of the observed imaging patterns may help clinicians in the correct diagnosis and patient counseling. Abstract : In this retrospective case series of 17 eyes diagnosed with acute idiopathic maculopathy, 4 sequential patterns of fundus autofluorescence were found during the course of the disease. The relationship of these patterns with the best-corrected visual acuity, duration of the disease, and spectral domain optical coherence tomography features is reported.