Traditional Chinese medication Tongxinluo inhibits inflammatory angiogenesis via Bmx/NF-κB/MAPK pathways. (21st March 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ma, Lianyue; Liu, Xiaoling; Lu, Huixia; Yang, Xiaoyan; Wang, Yingbin; Zhang, Cheng; Ni, Mei; Zhao, Yuxia; Zhang, Yun
• Is Part Of: European heart journal supplements. Volume 17(2015)Supplement B
• Page Start: B13
• Page End: B22
• Publication Date: 2015-03-21
• Subjects: Tongxinluo -- Vasa vasorum -- Inflammatory angiogenesis -- Atherosclerosis; Cardiology -- Periodicals; Cardiology -- Europe -- Periodicals; 616.12005
• DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/suv020
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1520-765X

Abstract

Abstract: The aim of this article is to examine the effect of the traditional Chinese medication Tongxinluo (TXL) on atherosclerotic plaque angiogenesis and stabilization and to explore the mechanism involved. Apolipoprotein E-deficient ( apoE−/− ) mice were fed a high-fat diet for 20 weeks, and then divided into four groups for 16 weeks' treatment: control (equal volume of buffer) and low-, medium-, and high-dose TXL (0.38, 0.75, and 1.5 g/kg/day, respectively). Vasa vasorum (VV) were identified by perfusion of biotinylated Lycopersicon esculentum (Tomato) lectin. The cellular effect of TXL on tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α)-stimulated angiogenesis was explored in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Histology revealed that VV neovascularization was dose-dependently reduced by TXL treatment. Plaque area was smaller with TXL than control treatment and levels of inflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinase 2, and vascular endothelial growth factor A were deceased in TXL-treated mice. Tongxinluo significantly inhibited TNF-α-induced endothelial cell migration, tube formation, and monocyte adhesion in vitro . The mechanism mediating the therapeutic effects of TXL involved inhibited activation of bone marrow kinase in chromosome X (Bmx) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and down-regulated phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family members c-Jun N-terminal kinase and p38, but not extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2. Tongxinluo inhibits VV proliferation and atherosclerosis progression, thus stabilizing plaque in apoE−/− mice. The anti-angiogenic effects of TXL on atherosclerosis might be attributed to inhibiting inflammatory angiogenesis via Bmx/NF-κB/MAPK pathways.