Perinatal stabilisation of infants born with congenital diaphragmatic hernia: a review of current concepts. Issue 4 (13th March 2020)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Horn-Oudshoorn, Emily J J; Knol, Ronny; Te Pas, Arjan B; Hooper, Stuart B; Cochius-den Otter, Suzan C M; Wijnen, René M H; Schaible, Thomas; Reiss, Irwin K M; DeKoninck, Philip L J
• Is Part Of: Archives of disease in childhood. Volume 105:Issue 4(2020)
• Page Start: 449
• Page End: 454
• Publication Date: 2020-03-13
• Subjects: congenital abnorm -- resuscitation -- neonatology -- physiology -- fetal medicine; Infants -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Newborn infants -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Fetus -- Diseases -- Periodicals; 618.920105
• DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2019-318606
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1359-2998

Abstract

Abstract : Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is associated with high mortality rates and significant pulmonary morbidity, mainly due to disrupted lung development related to herniation of abdominal organs into the chest. Pulmonary hypertension is a major contributor to both mortality and morbidity, however, treatment modalities are limited. Novel prenatal and postnatal interventions, such as fetal surgery and medical treatments, are currently under investigation. Until now, the perinatal stabilisation period immediately after birth has been relatively overlooked, although optimising support in these early stages may be vital in improving outcomes. Moreover, physiological parameters obtained from the perinatal stabilisation period could serve as early predictors of adverse outcomes, thereby facilitating both prevention and early treatment of these conditions. In this review, we focus on the perinatal stabilisation period by discussing the current delivery room guidelines in infants born with CDH, the physiological changes occurring during the fetal-to-neonatal transition in CDH, novel delivery room strategies and early predictors of adverse outcomes. The combination of improvements in the perinatal stabilisation period and early prediction of adverse outcomes may mitigate the need for specific postnatal management strategies.