Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Cardiac End-Organ Damage in Women: Findings From an Echocardiographic Study Across the United States. (3rd October 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Shitole, Sanyog G; Lazar, Jason M; Taub, Cynthia C; Furlani, Andrea C; Konkle-Parker, Deborah J; Dionne-Odom, Jodie; Fischl, Margaret A; Ofotokun, Igho; Adimora, Adaora A; Topper, Elizabeth F; Golzar, Yasmeen; Kassaye, Seble G; Gustafson, Deborah; Anastos, Kathryn; Hanna, David B; Xue, Xiaonan; Tien, Phyllis C; Kaplan, Robert C; Kizer, Jorge R
• Is Part Of: Clinical infectious diseases. Volume 76:Number 2(2023)
• Page Start: 210
• Page End: 219
• Publication Date: 2022-10-03
• Subjects: HIV -- cardiac dysfunction -- women; Communicable diseases -- Periodicals; 616.905
• DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciac795
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1058-4838

Abstract

Abstract: Background: People with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have been reported to have increased risk of clinical and subclinical cardiovascular disease. Existing studies have focused on men and often have been uncontrolled or lacked adequate HIV-negative comparators. Methods: We performed echocardiography in the Women's Interagency HIV Study to investigate associations of HIV and HIV-specific factors with cardiac phenotypes, including left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD), isolated LV diastolic dysfunction (LVDD), left atrial enlargement (LAE), LV hypertrophy (LVH), and increased tricuspid regurgitation velocity (TRV). Results: Of 1654 participants (age 51 ± 9 years), 70% had HIV. Sixty-three (5.4%) women with HIV (WWH) had LVSD; 71 (6.5%) had isolated LVDD. Compared with women without HIV (WWOH), WWH had a near-significantly increased risk of LVSD (adjusted relative risk = 1.69; 95% confidence interval = 1.00 to 2.86; P = .051). No significant association was noted for HIV seropositivity with other phenotypes, but there was a risk gradient for decreasing CD4+ count among WWH that approached or reached significance for isolated LVDD, LAE, and LVH. WWH with CD4+ count <200 cells/mm 3 had significantly higher prevalence of LAE, LVH, and high TRV than WWOH. There were no consistent associations for viral suppression or antiretroviral drug exposure. Conclusions: This study suggests that WWH have a higher risk of LVSD compared with sociodemographically similar WWOH, but their risk for isolated LVDD, LAE, LVH, and high TRV is increased only with reduced CD4+ count. Although these findings warrant replication, they support the importance of cardiovascular risk-factor and HIV-disease control for heart disease prevention in this population. Abstract : Women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; WWH) have an approximately 1.7-fold risk of left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction compared with women without HIV. Low CD4+ T-cell counts in WWH are associated with isolated LV diastolic dysfunction, LV hypertrophy, left atrial enlargement, and pulmonary hypertension. Graphical Abstract: Graphical Abstract