Handgrip strength asymmetry cut points to identify slow gait speed in six low- and middle-income countries: A cross-sectional analysis with 12, 669 older adults. (March 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Abdalla, Pedro Pugliesi; Bohn, Lucimere; Sebastião, Emerson; Pereira dos Santos, André; Fernando Tasinafo Junior, Marcio; da Silva, Leonardo Santos Lopes; Alves, Thiago Cândido; Gomide, Euripedes Barsanulfo Gonçalves; Venturini, Ana Claudia Rossini; Mota, Jorge; Machado, Dalmo Roberto Lopes
• Is Part Of: Archives of gerontology and geriatrics. Volume 106(2023)
• Publication Date: 2023-03
• Subjects: Grip strength -- Geriatric assessment -- Physical function; Aging -- Periodicals; Geriatrics -- Periodicals; Gerontology -- Periodicals; Electronic journals; 305.26
• DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2022.104869
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0167-4943

Abstract

Highlights: HGS asymmetry and slowness are associated in economically disadvantaged countries. HGS asymmetry index vs. sole HGS had better AUC to identify slowness. A new index to identify impaired muscle function was proposed. Abstract: Background: Handgrip strength (HGS) asymmetry is associated with slow gait speed. Both mark muscle dysfunction, potential risk of falls, and adverse health outcomes. This association was found in older adults from high-income countries, but not yet studied in low- and middle-income countries. Moreover, there is no HGS asymmetry referential to identify the disabling process. Thus, our study aims to verify the association of HGS asymmetry with slowness in older adults from six low- and middle-income countries and to propose cut points to slowness. Methods: A cross-sectional study with data from 12, 669 older adults (≥60 years) of the Study on Global Aging and Adult Health (SAGE) conducted in six low- and middle-income countries were analyzed. Based in the difference between upper body sides HGS (asymmetry), participants were categorized in groups as 0.0–10.0% (reference group), 10.1–20.1%, 20.1–30.0% or >30.0%. Slow gait speed was established as <0.59 (men) and <0.51 (women) m/s. Associations of HGS asymmetry with gait speed were ascertained with logistic regression. HGS asymmetry index "[(HGS asymmetry*HGS)/(BMI*Age)]*100" cut points to identify slowness were generated with the ROC curve and Youden index ( α = 5%). Results: Compared to HGS reference group, those with HGS asymmetry of 10.1–20%, 20.1–30.0% and >30.0% had a superior odds for slowness [1.18(CI:1.02, 1.42); 1.17(CI: 0.97; 1.44); and 1.21(CI:1.03;1.43), respectively]. HGS asymmetry index cut points to identify slowness were ≤1.14 (women) and ≤1.77 (men). Conclusions: HGS asymmetry association with slowness is present in economically disadvantaged countries. We proposed a new index for impaired muscle function with acceptable sensibility and specificity.