Characterization of 9380 contact binaries from the CRTS Variable Sources Catalogue. Issue 4 (24th August 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Marsh, F. M.; Prince, T. A.; Mahabal, A. A.; Bellm, E. C.; Drake, A. J.; Djorgovski, S. G.
• Is Part Of: Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Volume 465:Issue 4(2017)
• Page Start: 4678
• Page End: 4689
• Publication Date: 2016-08-24
• Subjects: surveys -- binaries: eclipsing -- stars: magnetic field; Astronomy -- Periodicals; Periodicals; 520.5
• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stw2110
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0035-8711

Abstract

Abstract: We construct a sample of 9380 contact binaries (W UMa systems) by using the Catalina Real-Time Transient Survey Variables Sources Catalogue. By measuring brightness change rates, light-curve statistics, and temperatures for this sample, we improve the understanding of contact binary light-curve characteristics, and luminosity variability on decadal time-scales. We show that binaries with convective outer envelopes have a different distribution of light-curve amplitudes and magnitude differences between eclipse minima than binaries with radiative outer envelopes. We find that more than 2000 binaries exhibit a linear change in mean brightness over the 8-yr timespan of observations with at least 3σ significance. We note that 25.9 per cent of binaries with convective outer envelopes exhibit a significant change in brightness, while only 10.5 per cent of radiative binaries exhibit a significant change in brightness. In 205 binaries (2.2 per cent), we find that a sinusoid model better describes the luminosity trend within the 8-yr observation timespan. For these binaries, we report the amplitudes and periods (as estimated using observed half-periods) of this sinusoidal brightness variation and discuss possible mechanisms driving the variation.