Booster Vaccination Against SARS-CoV-2 Induces Potent Immune Responses in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus. (5th October 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Fidler, Sarah; Fox, Julie; Tipoe, Timothy; Longet, Stephanie; Tipton, Tom; Abeywickrema, Movin; Adele, Sandra; Alagaratnam, Jasmini; Ali, Mohammad; Aley, Parvinder K; Aslam, Suhail; Balasubramanian, Anbhu; Bara, Anna; Bawa, Tanveer; Brown, Anthony; Brown, Helen; Cappuccini, Federica; Davies, Sophie; Fowler, Jamie; Godfrey, Leila; Goodman, Anna L; Hilario, Kathrine; Hackstein, Carl-Philipp; Mathew, Moncy; Mujadidi, Yama F; Packham, Alice; Petersen, Claire; Plested, Emma; Pollock, Katrina M; Ramasamy, Maheshi N; Robinson, Hannah; Robinson, Nicola; Rongkard, Patpong; Sanders, Helen; Serafimova, Teona; Spence, Niamh; Waters, Anele; Woods, Danielle; Zacharopoulou, Panagiota; Barnes, Eleanor; Dunachie, Susanna; Goulder, Philip; Klenerman, Paul; Winston, Alan; Hill, Adrian V S; Gilbert, Sarah C; Carroll, Miles; Pollard, Andrew J; Lambe, Teresa; Ogbe, Ane; Frater, John;
• Is Part Of: Clinical infectious diseases. Volume 76:Number 2(2023)
• Page Start: 201
• Page End: 209
• Publication Date: 2022-10-05
• Subjects: SARS-CoV-2 -- vaccination -- people with HIV -- T-cell responses -- antibody responses; Communicable diseases -- Periodicals; 616.905
• DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciac796
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1058-4838

Abstract

Abstract: Background: People with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) with good CD4 T-cell counts make effective immune responses following vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). There are few data on longer term responses and the impact of a booster dose. Methods: Adults with HIV were enrolled into a single arm open label study. Two doses of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 were followed 12 months later by a third heterologous vaccine dose. Participants had undetectable viraemia on ART and CD4 counts >350 cells/µL. Immune responses to the ancestral strain and variants of concern were measured by anti-spike immunoglobulin G (IgG) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), MesoScale Discovery (MSD) anti-spike platform, ACE-2 inhibition, activation induced marker (AIM) assay, and T-cell proliferation. Findings: In total, 54 participants received 2 doses of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19. 43 received a third dose (42 with BNT162b2; 1 with mRNA-1273) 1 year after the first dose. After the third dose, total anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG titers (MSD), ACE-2 inhibition, and IgG ELISA results were significantly higher compared to Day 182 titers ( P < .0001 for all 3). SARS-CoV-2 specific CD4+ T-cell responses measured by AIM against SARS-CoV-2 S1 and S2 peptide pools were significantly increased after a third vaccine compared to 6 months after a first dose, with significant increases in proliferative CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 S1 and S2 after boosting. Responses to Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta variants were boosted, although to a lesser extent for Omicron. Conclusions: In PWH receiving a third vaccine dose, there were significant increases in B- and T-cell immunity, including to known variants of concern (VOCs). Abstract : People with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) with good CD4 T-cell counts make effective cross variant immune responses following third dose vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).