Characteristics and clinical significance of plasma IL‐18, sCD14,  and sCD163 levels in patients with HIV‐1 infection. Issue 1 (25th October 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Li, Liya; Cai, Weiping; Guo, Pengle; Hu, Fengyu; Lan, Yun; Li, Yonghong; Zhong, Huolin; He, Haolan; Chen, Xiejie; Zhong, Haidan; Liu, Cong; Li, Linghua
• Is Part Of: Journal of medical virology. Volume 95:Issue 1(2023)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2022-10-25
• Subjects: antiretroviral therapy -- HIV‐1 -- IL‐18 -- sCD14 -- sCD163 -- treatment response; Virology -- Periodicals; 616
• DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28223
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0146-6615

Abstract

Abstract: Biomarkers of monocyte‐macrophages activation and inflammation in plasma such as interleukin‐18 (IL‐18), soluble leukocyte differentiation antigen 14 (sCD14), and sCD163 are associated with disease severity and prognosis in HIV‐1 infected patients, however, their relationships with efficacy of antiretroviral therapy (ART) need further investigation. We aimed to characterize and explore the clinical significance of plasma IL‐18, sCD14, and sCD163 in this population. This was a retrospective cohort study consisting of HIV‐1 infected patients enrolled in a randomized, controlled, open‐label, noninferiority trial (ALTERLL study), with follow‐up time points including initiation of ART (baseline), 12‐, 24‐ and 48‐weeks of treatment. Plasma levels of IL‐18, sCD14, and sCD163 were measured using the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay method. Viral suppression was defined as HIV‐1 RNA < 20 copies/ml. Among the 193 studied patients (median age of 29.0 years, 180 males), IL‐18 and sCD163 had U‐shaped regression curves and sCD14 had an inverted U‐shaped regression curve while the virus was decreased and immune function recovered. Patients with higher levels of IL‐18 or lower levels of sCD163 at baseline were less likely to achieve viral suppression at Week 12 or Week 24 of treatment, respectively. In multivariate analysis, baseline sCD163 ≤ 500 pg/ml (adjusted odds ratio 0.33, 95% confidence interval 0.16–0.68) was independently associated with a lower rate of viral suppression at Week 24 of treatment. In conclusion, we demonstrated different dynamic changes among IL‐18, sCD14, and sCD163 after ART. Baseline sCD163 level could be a potential predictor of early virological response to ART. Further validation and mechanistic research are needed.