Resilience of lake biogeochemistry to boreal-forest wildfires during the late Holocene. (30th August 2019)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Chipman, Melissa L.; Hu, Feng Sheng
• Is Part Of: Biology letters. Volume 15:Number 8(2019)
• Publication Date: 2019-08-30
• Subjects: boreal fires -- nitrogen -- carbon -- δ15N -- δ13C -- C : N -- ecological resilience; Biology -- Periodicals; 570.5
• DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2019.0390
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1744-9561

Abstract

Abstract : Novel fire regimes are expected in many boreal regions, and it is unclear how biogeochemical cycles will respond. We leverage fire and vegetation records from a highly flammable ecoregion in Alaska and present new lake-sediment analyses to examine biogeochemical responses to fire over the past 5300 years. No significant difference exists in δ 13 C, %C, %N, C : N, or magnetic susceptibility between pre-fire, post-fire, and fire samples. However, δ 15 N is related to the timing relative to fire ( χ 2 = 19.73, p < 0.0001), with higher values for fire-decade samples (3.2 ± 0.3‰) than pre-fire (2.4 ± 0.2‰) and post-fire (2.2 ± 0.1‰) samples. Sediment δ 15 N increased gradually from 1.8 ± 0.6 to 3.2 ± 0.2‰ over the late Holocene, probably as a result of terrestrial-ecosystem development. Elevated δ 15 N in fire decades likely reflects enhanced terrestrial nitrification and/or deeper permafrost thaw depths immediately following fire. Similar δ 15 N values before and after fire decades suggest that N cycling in this lowland-boreal watershed was resilient to fire disturbance. However, this resilience may diminish as boreal ecosystems approach climate-driven thresholds of vegetation structure, permafrost thaw and fire.