Adolescent decision-making in Canadian medical contexts: Integrating neuroscience and consent frameworks. Issue 6 (7th April 2018)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Schwartz, Yael; Williams, Tricia S; Roberts, Samantha D; Hellmann, Jonathan; Zlotnik Shaul, Randi
• Is Part Of: Paediatrics & Child Health. Volume 23:Issue 6(2018)
• Page Start: 374
• Page End: 376
• Publication Date: 2018-04-07
• Subjects: Adolescence -- Brain development -- Capacity -- Consent -- Decision-making -- Health care -- Neuroscientific; Pediatrics -- Periodicals; Children -- Health and hygiene -- Periodicals; 618.92
• DOI: 10.1093/pch/pxy037
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1205-7088

Abstract

Abstract: The primary objective of this commentary is to integrate current neuroscientific research on brain development during adolescence, with existing consent frameworks that do not designate a minimum age for eligibility to consent to, or refuse medical treatment. To reach this objective, the three consent frameworks used in health care settings are outlined: age-based framework; mature minor framework and capacity-based framework. This commentary draws on the Canadian health care system specifically to consider consent frameworks that grant young people with decision-making capacity. Next, a brief review of adolescent brain development findings is presented, particularly pertaining to the decision-making capacity of young people within medical contexts. Ultimately, the question of whether the stage of a young person's brain development impedes their capacity to consent to, or refuse medical treatment is addressed. This commentary provides reassurance as to the compatibility between capacity-based and mature minor frameworks to consent to treatment with current neuroscientific understanding of adolescent brain development.