Incidence and Clearance of Penile High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infection and Their Determinants Among HIV-Negative Men Who Have Sex With Men. Issue 11 (November 2021)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Nadar, Hema J.; van Bilsen, Ward P.H.; Marra, Elske; Bruisten, Sylvia; Heideman, Daniëlle A.M.; Schim van der Loeff, Maarten F.
• Is Part Of: Sexually transmitted diseases. Volume 48:Issue 11(2021)
• Publication Date: 2021-11
• Subjects: Sexually transmitted diseases -- Periodicals; Sexual health -- Periodicals; 616.951005
• DOI: 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000001455
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0148-5717

Abstract

Abstract : Background: Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at increased risk of anogenital human papillomavirus (HPV) infections. We aimed to assess the incidence and clearance of penile high-risk HPV (hrHPV) infections and their determinants among HIV-negative MSM living in the Netherlands. Methods: Between 2010 and 2015, HIV-negative MSM were semiannually tested for penile HPV and completed detailed questionnaires on health and sexual behavior. Self-collected penile swabs were tested for HPV DNA using SPF10-PCR DEIA/LiPA25 system. Type-specific hrHPV incidence (IR) and clearance rates (CR) were calculated for 12 hrHPV types (HPV-16, HPV-18, HPV-31, HPV-33, HPV-35, HPV-39, HPV-45, HPV-51, HPV-52, HPV-56, HPV-58, and HPV-59). Determinants of incidence and clearance of HPV-16 and HPV-18, separately, and combined 7 hrHPV types covered by the nonavalent vaccine were assessed by Poisson regression using generalized estimating equations for combined hrHPV types. Results: We included 638 HIV-negative MSM, with a median age of 38 (interquartile range, 33–43) years. HPV-16 had an IR of 4.9/1000 person-months of observation at risk (PMO; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 3.8–6.3) and CR of 90.6/1000 PMO (95% CI, 60.7–135.1). The IR and CR of HPV-18 were 3.4/1000 PMO (95% CI, 2.5–4.5) and 119.2/1000 PMO (95% CI, 76.9–184.8), respectively. Age and condom use during insertive anal sex were not associated with hrHPV incidence, whereas high number of recent sex partners was. Conclusions: The relatively high IR and low CR of penile HPV-16 and HPV-18 among HIV-negative MSM correlates with their high prevalence and oncogenic potential. Incident HPV infections were associated with recent sexual risk behavior. Abstract : Among 638 HIV-negative men who have sex with men, penile human papillomavirus-16 incidence rate (4.9/1000 person-months) was relatively high, whereas clearance rate (90.6/1000 person-months) was relatively low. Incident human papillomavirus infections were associated with recent sexual risk behavior.Supplemental digital content is available in the text.