Tethered Small‐Molecule Acceptors Simultaneously Enhance the Efficiency and Stability of Polymer Solar Cells. Issue 2 (29th November 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Li, Shangyu; Zhang, Rui; Zhang, Ming; Yao, Jia; Peng, Zhengxing; Chen, Qi; Zhang, Cen; Chang, Bowen; Bai, Yang; Fu, Hongyuan; Ouyang, Yanni; Zhang, Chunfeng; Steele, Julian A.; Alshahrani, Thamraa; Roeffaers, Maarten B.J.; Solano, Eduardo; Meng, Lei; Gao, Feng; Li, Yongfang; Zhang, Zhi‐Guo
• Is Part Of: Advanced materials. Volume 35:Issue 2(2023)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2022-11-29
• Subjects: device stability -- polymer solar cells -- tethered small‐molecule acceptor -- thermodynamically stable; Materials -- Periodicals; Chemical vapor deposition -- Periodicals; 620.11
• DOI: 10.1002/adma.202206563
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0935-9648

Abstract

Abstract: For polymer solar cells (PSCs), the mixture of polymer donors and small‐molecule acceptors (SMAs) is fine‐tuned to realize a favorable kinetically trapped morphology and thus a commercially viable device efficiency. However, the thermodynamic relaxation of the mixed domains within the blend raises concerns related to the long‐term operational stability of the devices, especially in the record‐holding Y‐series SMAs. Here, a new class of dimeric Y6‐based SMAs tethered with differential flexible spacers is reported to regulate their aggregation and relaxation behavior. In their polymer blends with PM6, it is found that they favor an improved structural order relative to that of Y6 counterpart. Most importantly, the tethered SMAs show large glass transition temperatures to suppress the thermodynamic relaxation in mixed domains. For the high‐performing dimeric blend, an unprecedented open circuit voltage of 0.87 V is realized with a conversion efficiency of 17.85%, while those of regular Y6‐base devices only reach 0.84 V and 16.93%, respectively. Most importantly, the dimer‐based device possesses substantially reduced burn‐in efficiency loss, retaining more than 80% of the initial efficiency after operating at the maximum power point under continuous illumination for 700 h. The tethering approach provides a new direction to develop PSCs with high efficiency and excellent operating stability. Abstract : The thermodynamic relaxation of small‐molecule acceptors (SMAs) in its blend with polymer donor raises concerns related to the long‐term operational stability of polymer solar cells. With flexible spacers to restrict the motion of individual SMAs, the tethered SMAs show higher efficiency, and, most important, large glass transition temperatures to suppress the thermodynamic relaxation in mixed domains.