Characterization of different contaminants and current knowledge for defining chemical mixtures in human milk: A review. (January 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Chi, Zhi Hao; Goodyer, Cindy Gates; Hales, Barbara F.; Bayen, Stéphane
• Is Part Of: Environment international. Volume 171(2023)
• Publication Date: 2023-01
• Subjects: Endocrine disrupting chemicals -- Non-targeted analysis -- Dietary exposure -- Exposome -- Contaminants of emerging concern; AFs Aflatoxins -- BP Bisphenols and other phenols -- DDE Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene -- DDT Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane -- DON Deoxynivalenol -- FBs Fumonisin -- HAAs Heterocyclic aromatic amines -- HBCDD Hexabromocyclododecane -- HCH Hexachlorocyclohexane -- HpCDD Heptachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin -- HRMS High-resolution mass spectrometry -- HxCDD Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin -- MCPDs Monochloro-1, 2-propanediol -- OCPs Organochlorine pesticides -- OPEs Organophosphate esters -- OPPs Organophosphate pesticides -- OTA Ochratoxin A -- PAHs Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons -- PAPs Polyfluorinated alkyl phosphate ester surfactants -- PBDEs Polybrominated diphenyl ethers -- PCBs Polychlorinated bisphenols -- PCDDs Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins -- PCDFs Polychlorinated dibenzofurans -- PCN Polychlorinated naphthalene -- PCP Pentachlorophenol -- PCTs Polychlorinated terphenyls -- PeCDD Pentachlorodibenzodioxin -- PFAS Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances -- PFOA Perfluorooctanoic acid -- PFOS Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid -- PFOSA Perfluorooctanesulfonamide -- POPs Persistent Organic Pollutants -- PPCPs Pharmaceutical and personal care products -- THRMS Tandem high-resolution mass spectrometry -- Zen Zearalenone; Environmental protection -- Periodicals; Environmental health -- Periodicals; Environmental monitoring -- Periodicals; Environmental Monitoring -- Periodicals; Environnement -- Protection -- Périodiques; Hygiène du milieu -- Périodiques; Environnement -- Surveillance -- Périodiques; Environmental health; Environmental monitoring; Environmental protection; Periodicals; 333.705
• DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107717
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0160-4120

Abstract

Abstract: Hundreds of xenobiotics, with very diverse origins, have been detected in human milk, including contaminants of emerging concern, personal care products and other current-use substances reflecting lifestyle. The routes of exposure to these chemicals include dermal absorption, ingestion and inhalation. Specific families of chemicals are dominant among human milk monitoring studies (e.g., organochlorine pesticides, bisphenol A, dioxins), even though other understudied families may be equally toxicologically relevant (e.g., food-processing chemicals, current-use plasticizers and flame retardants, mycotoxins). Importantly, the lack of reliable human milk monitoring data for some individual chemicals and, especially, for complex mixtures, is a major factor hindering risk assessment. Non-targeted screening can be used as an effective tool to identify unknown contaminants of concern in human milk. This approach, in combination with novel methods to conduct risk assessments on the chemical mixtures detected in human milk, will assist in elucidating exposures that may have adverse effects on the development of breastfeeding infants.