The reliability of attentional biases for gambling-related images in free-viewing eye-tracking paradigms. (April 2023)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Coelho, Sophie G.; Sears, Christopher R.; Kim, Hyoun S.; McGrath, Daniel S.
• Is Part Of: Addictive behaviors. Volume 139(2023)
• Publication Date: 2023-04
• Subjects: Attentional bias -- Eye-tracking -- Gambling -- Reliability -- Internal consistency; Substance abuse -- Periodicals; Alcoholism -- Periodicals; Drug addiction -- Periodicals; Nicotine addiction -- Periodicals; Smoking -- Periodicals; Gambling -- Psychological aspects -- Periodicals; Electronic journals; 362.29
• DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107575
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0306-4603

Abstract

Highlights: Free-viewing eye-tracking paradigms can reliably measure attentional bias for gambling images. Both two- and four-image displays can reliably measure gambling-related attentional bias. Attentional bias indices capturing the full trial (rather than first fixation) are most reliable. Attentional bias difference scores for gambling images are reliable. Abstract: Attentional biases for gambling-related stimuli are a robust correlate of problem gambling. Free-viewing eye-tracking paradigms are considered the gold standard for measuring attentional bias in addiction research, but their reliability in measuring biases for gambling-related stimuli remains unclear. Using secondary data from two different free-viewing eye-tracking paradigms (two-image and four-image displays), this study examined the internal consistency of fixation indices in samples with varying degrees of gambling involvement and problem gambling risk. Cronbach's alpha, McDonald's omega, and split-half reliability coefficients were used to assess internal consistency of several fixation indices (total dwell time, total dwell time percent, total fixation count, time of first fixation) for gambling-related images, neutral images, and computed attentional bias difference scores. For both two- and four-image displays, internal consistency estimates for total dwell time, total dwell time percent, and total fixation count were good to excellent for gambling-related images, neutral images, and attentional bias scores. Only time of first fixation exhibited low internal consistency. These findings indicate that both two-image and four-image free-viewing eye-tracking paradigms can reliably measure attentional biases for gambling-related stimuli among participants reporting varying degrees of gambling involvement and problem gambling risk.