158 AIR POLLUTION AND CORONARY VASOMOTOR DISORDERS IN PATIENTS WITH MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA AND NON-OBSTRUCTIVE CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE. (15th December 2022)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Camilli, Massimiliano; Russo, Michele; Rinaldi, Riccardo; Iannaccone, Giulia; Lavecchia, Giulia; Vergallo, Rocco; Trani, Carlo; Niccoli, Giampaolo; Crea, Filippo; Antonio Montone, Rocco
• Is Part Of: European heart journal supplements. Volume 24(2022)Supplement K
• Publication Date: 2022-12-15
• Subjects: Cardiology -- Periodicals; Cardiology -- Europe -- Periodicals; 616.12005
• DOI: 10.1093/eurheartjsupp/suac121.304
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1520-765X

Abstract

Abstract: Background: Coronary vasomotor abnormalities are important causes of myocardial ischemia in patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease (NOCAD). However, the role of air pollution in determining coronary vasomotor disorders has never been investigated. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the association between long-term exposure to particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) and 10 (PM10), and coronary vasomotor disorders in NOCAD patients. Methods: Patients with myocardial ischemia and NOCAD undergoing coronary angiography and intracoronary provocation test with acetylcholine (ACh) were prospectively studied. Both patients with chronic myocardial ischemia (INOCA) and myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) were enrolled. Based on each case's home address, exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 was assessed. Results: We included 287 patients (median age 62.0 years [52.0-70.0], 149 [51.9%] males): 161 (56.1%) INOCA and 126 (43.9%) MINOCA. One hundred seventy-six patients (61.3%) had positive provocation test. Exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 was higher in patients with a positive provocation test (p<0.001). At multivariate logistic regression analysis, PM2.5 and PM10 were independent predictors of a positive provocation test (p=0.001 and p=0.029, respectively). Interestingly, among these patients, PM2.5 and PM10 were both independent predictors of MINOCA (p<0.001 and p=0.001, respectively) as clinical presentation, while PM2.5 was independently associated with the occurrence of epicardial spasm as opposed to microvascular spasm (p=0.001). Conclusions: Higher exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 in patients with myocardial ischemia and NOCAD is associated with coronary vasomotor abnormalities. In particular, PM2.5 is an independent risk factor for the occurrence of epicardial spasm and MINOCA as clinical presentation.